Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) comprises a spectrum of liver conditions characterized by significant lipid deposition within hepatocytes. As an overarching diagnosis, NAFLD contains a continuum of progressive liver diseases ranging from isolated liver steatosis to necroinflammatory states leading to end-stage liver disease. Nonalcoholic fatty liver and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis are distinguished by their histologic patterns, with the former exhibiting steatosis without fibrosis or inflammation. This important distinction provides clinicians a timeline within the NAFLD staging to target appropriate interventions against modifiable risk factors. NAFLD is likely formed in response to metabolic imbalances that damage the livers adaptive capacity. Metabolic conditions leading to steatosis mirror common cardiovascular risk factors, including dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus, and obesity. Acknowledging the common risk factors for development and progression of NAFLD, it is unsurprising the first-line management focuses on the treatment of metabolic syndrome with an emphasis on weight reduction in obese populations. The purpose of this review is to provide a detailed summary of the literature as well as outline the current treatment recommendations for patients with NAFLD with a detailed focus on pharmacologic antiobesity interventions.

中文翻译：

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非酒精性脂肪肝患者心脏代谢并发症的管理：文献综述及建议。

非酒精性脂肪性肝病 (NAFLD) 包括一系列肝脏疾病，其特征在于肝细胞内的显着脂质沉积。作为总体诊断，NAFLD 包含一系列进行性肝病，从孤立的肝脂肪变性到导致终末期肝病的坏死性炎症状态。非酒精性脂肪肝和非酒精性脂肪性肝炎的区别在于它们的组织学模式，前者表现为脂肪变性而无纤维化或炎症。这一重要区别为临床医生提供了 NAFLD 分期的时间表，以针对可改变的风险因素进行适当的干预。NAFLD 很可能是由于代谢失衡而形成的，这种失衡会损害肝脏的适应能力。导致脂肪变性的代谢状况反映了常见的心血管危险因素，包括血脂异常、糖尿病和肥胖症。承认 NAFLD 发生和进展的常见危险因素，一线管理侧重于代谢综合征的治疗，重点是减轻肥胖人群的体重也就不足为奇了。本综述的目的是提供文献的详细总结，并概述当前对 NAFLD 患者的治疗建议，重点是药物抗肥胖干预。