Among cultivated and characterised ammonia oxidising archaea (AOA), representatives of Candidatus Nitrosocosmicus are unique in their ability to grow at high ammonia concentration (up to 100 mM), at concentrations that are tolerated by many ammonia oxidising bacteria (AOB). These strains also grow at a wide range of incubation temperatures (4–45 °C), with highest ammonia oxidation rates at relatively high temperature (28–40 °C). In addition, ammonia oxidiser growth is often promoted by reduced competition for ammonia, such as in the presence of a specific inhibitor against ammonia oxidiser competitors. Therefore, this study aimed at assessing the optimal conditions (temperature and ammonia concentration) of Ca. Nitrosocosmicus in soil by determining the nitrification rate and the growth of Ca. Nitrosocosmicus AOA and AOB in pH 7.5 soil microcosms amended with inorganic ammonia and octyne and incubated at a range of temperatures (15–35 °C). It demonstrated that growth of Ca. Nitrosocosmicus AOA increases with incubation temperature in soil, with an optimum of 25 °C. In addition, growth of Ca. Nitrosocosmicus is greater when AOB are inhibited, especially under high NH₄⁺ concentration. This study indicates that Ca. Nitrosocosmicus is tolerant to high NH₄⁺ concentration in soils, which contradicts the accepted belief that AOA growth is inhibited in soil with high NH₄⁺ concentration, and it also confirms the role of a near-neutrophilic AOA in nitrification activity in soil with higher nitrogen content. This study also shows the relevance and limitations of cultivated strains in predicting microbial growth in natural environments.

在培养和表征的氨氧化古菌 (AOA) 中，Candidatus Nitrosocosmicus 的代表在高氨浓度（高达 100 mM）下生长的能力是独一无二的，在许多氨氧化细菌 (AOB) 可以耐受的浓度下。这些菌株也在很宽的孵育温度 (4–45 °C) 下生长，在相对较高的温度 (28–40 °C) 下氨氧化率最高。此外，氨氧化剂的生长通常通过减少对氨的竞争来促进，例如在存在针对氨氧化剂竞争者的特定抑制剂的情况下。因此，本研究旨在评估Ca的最佳条件（温度和氨浓度）。通过测定硝化速率和Ca的生长来测定土壤中的 Nitrosocosmicus 。Nitrosocosmicus AOA 和 AOB 在 pH 7.5 的土壤微观世界中用无机氨和辛炔修正，并在一系列温度 (15–35 °C) 下培养。它证明了Ca 的生长。Nitrosocosmicus AOA 随土壤中的培养温度而增加，最佳温度为 25 °C。此外，Ca 的生长。当 AOB 被抑制时，Nitrosocosmicus 更大，尤其是在高 NH ₄ ⁺浓度下。该研究表明，Ca。Nitrosocosmicus 耐受土壤中高浓度的NH ₄ ⁺，这与公认的观点相矛盾，即在高 NH 的土壤中 AOA 生长受到抑制₄ ⁺浓度，也证实了近中性 AOA 在氮含量较高的土壤中的硝化活性中的作用。该研究还显示了培养菌株在预测自然环境中微生物生长方面的相关性和局限性。