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Roles of circRNAs in cancer chemoresistance (Review).
Oncology Reports ( IF 4.2 ) Pub Date : 2021-09-01 , DOI: 10.3892/or.2021.8176 Chuan Xin 1 , Fei Huang 1 , Jiongke Wang 1 , Jing Li 1 , Qianming Chen 1
Oncology Reports ( IF 4.2 ) Pub Date : 2021-09-01 , DOI: 10.3892/or.2021.8176 Chuan Xin 1 , Fei Huang 1 , Jiongke Wang 1 , Jing Li 1 , Qianming Chen 1
Affiliation
Circular RNA (circRNA) is a type of endogenous, high‑stability, noncoding RNA. circRNAs exhibit various biological functions, and are involved in physiological and pathological processes occurring in various diseases, including cancers. They can not only act as microRNA and protein sponges, but also interact with proteins, translated peptides, and transcriptional and translational regulators, and compete with pre‑mRNA splicing. Chemotherapy is one of the most important types of cancer treatment. However, the resistance of cancer cells to chemotherapy is a leading reason for the failure of chemotherapy. It has been reported that circRNAs play important roles in cancer resistance via a number of mechanisms. The functions of the circRNAs provide insight into their roles in chemoresistance pathways. In addition, some circRNAs may serve as novel biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of cancer resistance. Obtaining improved understanding of the molecular regulatory networks featuring circRNAs in tumors and searching for markers for the diagnosis and treatment of cancer resistance are leading issues in circRNA research. The present review introduced the functions of circRNAs, illustrated the mechanisms underlying drug resistance in cancer, described the contributions of circRNAs to this resistance and discussed the potential application of circRNAs in the treatment of drug‑resistant cancer. In particular, the review aimed to reveal the main mechanisms of circRNAs in cancer drug resistance, including mechanisms involving drug transport and metabolism, alterations of drug targets, DNA damage repair, downstream resistance mechanisms, adaptive responses and the tumor microenvironment. The findings may provide novel therapeutic targets for clinical treatment of cancer chemoresistance.
中文翻译:
circRNA 在癌症化学抗性中的作用(综述)。
环状 RNA (circRNA) 是一种内源性、高稳定性、非编码 RNA。circRNAs表现出多种生物学功能,参与包括癌症在内的多种疾病的生理和病理过程。它们不仅可以充当 microRNA 和蛋白质海绵,还可以与蛋白质、翻译肽以及转录和翻译调节因子相互作用,并与前 mRNA 剪接竞争。化疗是最重要的癌症治疗类型之一。然而,癌细胞对化疗的耐药性是化疗失败的主要原因。据报道,circRNAs 通过多种机制在癌症抵抗中发挥重要作用。circRNA 的功能有助于深入了解它们在化学抗性途径中的作用。此外,一些circRNA可能作为癌症耐药性诊断和预后的新型生物标志物。更好地了解以肿瘤中 circRNA 为特征的分子调控网络,并寻找用于诊断和治疗癌症耐药性的标记物是 circRNA 研究的主要问题。本综述介绍了circRNAs的功能,阐明了癌症耐药的潜在机制,描述了circRNAs对这种耐药性的贡献,并讨论了circRNAs在治疗耐药性癌症中的潜在应用。特别是,该综述旨在揭示circRNAs在癌症耐药中的主要机制,包括涉及药物转运和代谢的机制、药物靶点的改变、DNA损伤修复、下游耐药机制、适应性反应和肿瘤微环境。这些发现可能为癌症化疗耐药的临床治疗提供新的治疗靶点。
更新日期:2021-09-01
中文翻译:
circRNA 在癌症化学抗性中的作用(综述)。
环状 RNA (circRNA) 是一种内源性、高稳定性、非编码 RNA。circRNAs表现出多种生物学功能,参与包括癌症在内的多种疾病的生理和病理过程。它们不仅可以充当 microRNA 和蛋白质海绵,还可以与蛋白质、翻译肽以及转录和翻译调节因子相互作用,并与前 mRNA 剪接竞争。化疗是最重要的癌症治疗类型之一。然而,癌细胞对化疗的耐药性是化疗失败的主要原因。据报道,circRNAs 通过多种机制在癌症抵抗中发挥重要作用。circRNA 的功能有助于深入了解它们在化学抗性途径中的作用。此外,一些circRNA可能作为癌症耐药性诊断和预后的新型生物标志物。更好地了解以肿瘤中 circRNA 为特征的分子调控网络,并寻找用于诊断和治疗癌症耐药性的标记物是 circRNA 研究的主要问题。本综述介绍了circRNAs的功能,阐明了癌症耐药的潜在机制,描述了circRNAs对这种耐药性的贡献,并讨论了circRNAs在治疗耐药性癌症中的潜在应用。特别是,该综述旨在揭示circRNAs在癌症耐药中的主要机制,包括涉及药物转运和代谢的机制、药物靶点的改变、DNA损伤修复、下游耐药机制、适应性反应和肿瘤微环境。这些发现可能为癌症化疗耐药的临床治疗提供新的治疗靶点。