The classic question of why companies do corporate social responsibility (CSR) is central to much theoretical, regression-based, and experimental research. Guiding research into this question is a tripartite schema of normative, instrumental, and political CSR motivations that has become increasingly established in the CSR literature. This paper challenges the schema's status as a typology of equally plausible alternatives through an integration and analysis of a worldwide literature of 120 existing academic surveys on CSR motivation. Rather, the paper reformulates the schema into a surveyed ordering of CSR motivations that might be called “universal” in having remarkable stability across time periods, industries, company sizes, geographic regions, question formats, types of survey respondents, and types of survey producers. The paper challenges the schema also by documenting robust internal heterogeneity that it conceals, particularly where instrumental motivations are concerned, which are among the most and least self-selected CSR motivations in our results.

中文翻译：

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是什么驱使公司做好事？企业社会责任动机的“普遍”排序

公司为何承担企业社会责任 (CSR) 的经典问题是许多基于回归的理论研究和实验研究的核心。指导这个问题的研究是规范的、工具的和政治的 CSR 动机的三方模式，这种模式在 CSR 文献中越来越确立。本文通过对全球 120 份关于 CSR 动机的学术调查的文献进行整合和分析，挑战模式作为一种同样合理的替代方案类型学的地位。相反，该论文将模式重新表述为对 CSR 动机的调查排序，这可能被称为“普遍的”，在跨时间段、行业、公司规模、地理区域、问题格式、调查受访者类型和调查制作者类型方面具有显着的稳定性.