We have studied hybrids between Rubus idaeus and various members of R. sect. Corylifolii, primarily in Sweden. With the help of DNA-ploidy level determinations using flow cytometry and microsatellite DNA analysis of over 500 samples, we show that the material can be divided into four stable apomictic species (belonging to subsect. Subidaei) and a large number of primary hybrids. Stable species can be recognised by a distribution that is distinct from the Corylifolii parent, a uniform morphology and an almost invariant genetic pattern. We confirm that R. cordatiformis has arisen from the hybrid R. eluxatus × idaeus. Moreover, our study shows that R. lagerbergii has arisen from the hybrid R. dissimulans × idaeus. For R. onsalaënsis, we unexpectedly identify the Corylifolii ancestor as a previously unidentified species with a very restricted distribution in the northern part of the province of Halland, which is here described as R. antecedens. Furthermore, we show that R. pruinosus s. str. has arisen from the hybrid R. aureolus × idaeus and that it is known only from a rather restricted area in the provinces of Småland, Östergötland and Södermanland in eastern Sweden. On the other hand, the great majority of what has been called R. pruinosus is a diverse collection of primary hybrids between R. idaeus and various R. sect. Corylifolii species, which show a large variation both genetically and morphologically. The same applies to R. rosanthus, which represents R. norvegicus × idaeus hybrids: The microsatellite analysis shows that they have arisen independently and therefore should be considered as primary hybrids. We also identified primary hybrids between R. idaeus and R. gothicus (by far the most common hybrid in Sweden), R. aureolus, R. camptostachys, R. decurrentispinus, R. eluxatus, R. friesianus, R. hallandicus, R. lidforssii and R. norvegicus.

中文翻译：

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Rubus idaeus 和 Rubus sect 之间的杂交。Corylifolii 及其与 R. pruinosus 和 R. rosanthus 的关系

我们研究了Rubus idaeus和R. sect 的各种成员之间的杂交。Corylifolii，主要在瑞典。在使用流式细胞术和微卫星 DNA 分析 500 多个样本的 DNA 倍性水平测定的帮助下，我们表明该材料可以分为四个稳定的无融合生殖物种（属于 Subidaei亚科）和大量的初级杂种。稳定物种可以通过与Corylifolii亲本不同的分布、均匀的形态和几乎不变的遗传模式来识别。我们确认R. cordatiformis是由杂交R. eluxatus × idaeus 产生的. 此外，我们的研究表明，R. lagerbergii是由杂交R. dissimulans × idaeus 产生的。对于R. onsalaënsis，我们出人意料地将Corylifolii祖先确定为以前未鉴定的物种，在哈兰省北部分布非常有限，这里将其描述为R. antecedens。此外，我们表明R. pruinosus s。海峡 来自杂交R. aureolus × idaeus并且它仅在瑞典东部的斯莫兰、东约特兰和南曼兰省的一个相当受限制的地区被发现。另一方面，绝大多数被称为R. pruinosus 的是R. idaeus和各种R. sect之间的初级杂种的多样化集合。Corylifolii物种，在遗传和形态上都表现出很大的变异。这同样适用于R. rosanthus，代表R. norvegicus × idaeus杂种：微卫星分析表明它们是独立产生的，因此应视为初级杂种。我们还确定了R. idaeus之间的主要杂交种和R.哥特（迄今为止在瑞典最常见的杂交体），R.奥拉斯，R. camptostachys，R. decurrentispinus，R. eluxatus，R. friesianus，R. hallandicus，R. lidforssii和褐家鼠。