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The magnitude and causes of edge effects on soil organic carbon stocks within and across urban to rural forest patches
Landscape and Urban Planning ( IF 9.1 ) Pub Date : 2021-09-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2021.104223
Jeehwan Bae 1, 2 , Youngryel Ryu 1, 2, 3
Affiliation  

Landscape fragmentation has created large areas of forest edge. Understanding how soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks within forest edges respond to fragmentation is essential to assess carbon budgets; however, the causes and magnitude of edge effects on SOC stocks have been poorly characterized. Here, we quantify the edge effects on SOC stocks within and across urban to rural forest patches from three fragmented urban forests to a large patch of rural forest. The SOC stocks within 20 m of the rural forest edge (1.86 kgC m−2) is on average 80% lower than the interiors of rural forest (10.47 kgC m−2). We found that biotic factors, including annual litterfall mass (R2 > 0.94), peak leaf area index (R2 > 0.92), and fine-root mass density (R2 > 0.77), explained the spatial variation in SOC stocks within the rural forest. In urban forests, human activities at forest edges led to contrasting edge effects on SOC stocks, for instance, the SOC stocks at the east edges (4.74 kgC m−2) were 56% greater than at the west edges (3.03 kgC m−2) explained by the adjacent land uses (e.g., paved roads vs. non-paved soils) and in-situ litterfall management. We also found significant differences in summer soil temperature (ΔTS > 2.8 °C) and soil moisture (ΔVWC > 0.05 m3 m−3) between the east and west forest edges. Our results reveal that the factors responsible for the edge effects on SOC stocks in rural forests are biotic factors, while heterogeneous human activities at the local scale lead to complex edge effects on urban forest SOC stocks.



中文翻译:

城市到农村森林斑块内和跨界土壤有机碳储量边缘效应的大小和原因

景观破碎化造成了大面积的森林边缘。了解森林边缘内的土壤有机碳 (SOC) 储量如何响应破碎化对于评估碳预算至关重要;然而,对 SOC 储量的边缘效应的原因和程度的特征还很差。在这里,我们量化了从三个支离破碎的城市森林到大片农村森林的城市到农村森林斑块内部和之间 SOC 储量的边缘效应。农村森林边缘 20 m 范围内的 SOC 储量 (1.86  kgC  m -2 ) 比农村森林内部 (10.47  kgC  m -2 )平均低 80% 。我们发现生物因子,包括年凋落物质量(R 2  > 0.94)、峰值叶面积指数(R 2  > 0.92) 和细根质量密度 ( R 2  > 0.77),解释了农村森林内 SOC 储量的空间变化。在城市森林中,森林边缘的人类活动导致对 SOC 储量的对比边缘效应,例如,东边缘的 SOC 储量(4.74 kgC m -2)比西边缘的 SOC 储量(3.03 kgC m -2)高 56% ) 由相邻的土地利用(例如,铺砌的道路与未铺砌的土壤)和原位凋落物管理来解释。我们还发现夏季土壤温度 (Δ T S  > 2.8 °C) 和土壤水分 (ΔVWC > 0.05 m 3 m -3) 东部和西部森林边缘之间。我们的研究结果表明,对农村森林 SOC 储量产生边缘效应的因素是生物因素,而局部范围内人类活动的异质性导致对城市森林 SOC 储量的复杂边缘效应。

更新日期:2021-09-01
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