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Membraneless organelles: a smart design for metabolic control
FEBS Open Bio ( IF 2.6 ) Pub Date : 2021-09-01 , DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13264
Irene Díaz-Moreno 1 , Miguel A De la Rosa 1
Affiliation  

While most organelles are surrounded by membranes, cells also contain membraneless organelles, which remain separated in the cell by avoiding the mixture of their components with the surroundings. Actually, liquid–liquid phase separation provides a simple but smart mechanism for the cell to control the spatial localization and processing of molecules, without relying on membrane boundaries. This Special ‘In the Limelight’ section, entitled ‘Membraneless organelles’, consists of three review articles, each focused on a particular aspect. The first article deals with assembly of coacervates as mediated by polyproline II helices, as well as with condensate stability. The second article addresses the formation of protein–nucleic acid coacervates by prion-like proteins and their link to human diseases. Finally, the last article focuses on mitochondrial cytochrome c translocation into the nucleus after DNA damage, with the subsequent inhibition of nucleosome assembly/disassembly activity of histone chaperones and its impact on chromatin dynamics and nuclear condensates.

中文翻译:

无膜细胞器:代谢控制的智能设计

虽然大多数细胞器被膜包围,但细胞也含有无膜细胞器,它们通过避免其成分与周围环境混合而在细胞中保持分离。实际上,液-液相分离为细胞提供了一种简单而智能的机制来控制分子的空间定位和加工,而不依赖于膜边界。这个名为“无膜细胞器”的特殊“聚光灯下”部分由三篇评论文章组成,每篇文章都侧重于一个特定方面。第一篇文章涉及由聚脯氨酸 II 螺旋介导的凝聚层的组装,以及凝聚物的稳定性。第二篇文章讨论了朊病毒样蛋白形成的蛋白质-核酸凝聚层及其与人类疾病的联系。最后,c DNA 损伤后易位进入细胞核,随后抑制组蛋白伴侣的核小体组装/拆卸活性及其对染色质动力学和核凝聚物的影响。
更新日期:2021-09-01
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