During TBM tunnelling, the rock breaking by cutters usually induces vibration. The cutterhead vibration is composed of all cutter vibrations. On the one hand, cutterhead vibration directly affects the life of the cutter, cutterhead and main gear. On the other hand, cutterhead vibration reflects the TBM excavation performance. In this paper, a cutterhead vibration monitoring system for TBM tunnelling was developed. The system consisted of the data acquisition module, communication and control module, as well as data processing and display module. Acceleration sensor, gyroscope and clock chip were integrated into a sensor board to acquire triaxial vibration data, cutterhead rotating status and acquisition time. The installation structure with anti-hit and water-proof functions was designed to ensure the stable operation of the system. Three types of data acquisition modes were proposed to meet the different monitoring scenarios. The system was applied in a TBM tunnelling project. Based on the normal monitored data in TBM tunnelling and penetration tests data, the differences in amplitude and frequency of triaxial vibration, as well as the effect of geological conditions and operating parameters on cutterhead vibration characteristics were analyzed. The engineering application showed that this system can reflect the changes of the geological conditions and operating parameters, providing guidance for the TBM tunnelling.

在 TBM 隧道掘进过程中，刀具的岩石破碎通常会引起振动。刀盘振动由所有刀具振动组成。一方面，刀盘振动直接影响刀具、刀盘和主齿轮的寿命。另一方面，刀盘振动反映了TBM的挖掘性能。在本文中，刀盘振动监测开发了TBM隧道掘进系统。该系统由数据采集模块、通信与控制模块、数据处理与显示模块组成。加速度传感器、陀螺仪和时钟芯片集成在一块传感器板上，用于采集三轴振动数据、刀盘旋转状态和采集时间。设计具有防撞、防水功能的安装结构，确保系统稳定运行。针对不同的监测场景，提出了三种数据采集模式。该系统已在某TBM隧道工程中得到应用。基于TBM掘进和贯入试验数据中的正常监测数据，三轴振动幅值和频率的差异，以及地质条件和操作参数对刀盘的影响振动特性进行了分析。工程应用表明，该系统能够反映地质条件和运行参数的变化，为TBM掘进提供指导。