Gel materials have drawn great attention recently in the anti-icing research community due to their remarkable potential for reducing ice adhesion, inhibiting ice nucleation, and restricting ice propagation. Although the current anti-icing gels are in their infancy and far from practical applications due to poor durability, their outstanding prospect of icephobicity has already shed light on a new group of emerging anti-icing materials. There is a need for a timely review to consolidate the new trends and foster the development towards dedicated applications. Starting from the stage of icing, we first survey the relevant anti-icing strategies. The latest anti-icing gels are then categorized by their liquid phases into organogels, hydrogels, and ionogels. At the same time, the current research focuses, anti-icing mechanisms and shortcomings affiliated with each category are carefully analysed. Based upon the reported state-of-the-art anti-icing research and our own experience in polymer-based anti-icing materials, suggestions for the future development of the anti-icing gels are presented, including pathways to enhance durability, the need to build up the missing fundamentals, and the possibility to enable stimuli-responsive properties. The primary aim of this review is to motivate researchers in both the anti-icing and gel research communities to perform a synchronized effort to rapidly advance the understanding and making of gel-based next generation anti-icing materials.

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凝胶作为新兴的防冰材料：小型回顾

凝胶材料最近在防冰研究界引起了极大的关注，因为它们在减少冰粘附、抑制冰成核和限制冰传播方面具有显着的潜力。尽管目前的防冰凝胶还处于起步阶段，由于耐用性差，离实际应用还很遥远，但其出色的疏冰前景已经为一组新兴的防冰材料提供了启示。需要及时审查以巩固新趋势并促进向专用应用程序的发展。从结冰阶段开始，我们首先考察相关的防结冰策略。然后，最新的防冰凝胶按其液相分为有机凝胶、水凝胶和离子凝胶。同时，目前的研究重点，仔细分析了与每个类别相关的防结冰机制和缺点。根据报告的最先进的防冰研究和我们自己在聚合物基防冰材料方面的经验，提出了防冰凝胶未来发展的建议，包括提高耐久性的途径，需要建立缺失的基础知识，以及启用刺激响应特性的可能性。这篇综述的主要目的是激励防冰和凝胶研究界的研究人员齐心协力，快速推进对基于凝胶的下一代防冰材料的理解和制造。提出了防冰凝胶未来发展的建议，包括增强耐久性的途径、建立缺失基础的必要性以及实现刺激响应特性的可能性。这篇综述的主要目的是激励防冰和凝胶研究界的研究人员齐心协力，快速推进对基于凝胶的下一代防冰材料的理解和制造。提出了防冰凝胶未来发展的建议，包括增强耐久性的途径、建立缺失基础的必要性以及实现刺激响应特性的可能性。这篇综述的主要目的是激励防冰和凝胶研究界的研究人员齐心协力，快速推进对基于凝胶的下一代防冰材料的理解和制造。