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The essential superficiality of the voluntary and the moralization of psychology
Philosophical Studies Pub Date : 2021-08-30 , DOI: 10.1007/s11098-021-01720-2
Matthieu Queloz 1
Affiliation  

Is the idea of the voluntary important? Those who think so tend to regard it as an idea that can be metaphysically deepened through a theory about voluntary action, while those who think it a superficial idea that cannot coherently be deepened tend to neglect it as unimportant. Parting company with both camps, I argue that the idea of the voluntary is at once important and superficial—it is an essentially superficial notion that performs important functions, but can only perform them if we refrain from deepening it. After elaborating the contrast between superficial and deepened ideas of the voluntary, I identify the important functions that the superficial idea performs in relation to demands for fairness and freedom. I then suggest that theories trying to deepen the idea exemplify a problematic moralization of psychology—they warp psychological ideas to ensure that moral demands can be met. I offer a three-tier model of the problematic dynamics this creates, and show why the pressure to deepen the idea should be resisted. On this basis, I take stock of what an idea of the voluntary worth having should look like, and what residual tensions with moral ideas this leaves us with.



中文翻译:

自愿的本质肤浅与心理学的道德化

自愿的想法重要吗?有这种想法的人倾向于认为它是一种可以通过关于自愿行为的理论在形而上学上深化的想法,而那些认为它是无法连贯深化的肤浅想法的人往往认为它不重要。与两个阵营分道扬镳,我认为自愿的概念既重要又肤浅——它本质上是一个肤浅的概念,具有重要的功能,但只有在我们不深化它的情况下才能发挥作用。在详细阐述了自愿的肤浅观念和深化观念之间的对比之后,我确定了肤浅观念在要求公平和自由方面发挥的重要作用。然后我认为,试图深化这一观念的理论体现了一种有问题的心理学道德化——它们扭曲了心理学观念以确保道德要求能够得到满足。我提供了由此产生的问题动态的三层模型,并说明了为什么应该抵制深化想法的压力。在此基础上,我评估了自愿值得拥有的想法应该是什么样子,以及这给我们留下了哪些与道德观念的残余张力。

更新日期:2021-08-31
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