ABSTRACT

Producing functional nonwovens from sustainable fibers can become a great challenge if the chosen fiber is kapok, as it has unique qualities but very low inter-fiber cohesion. From a very exhaustive work, a new innovative production method was developed with a patent application (patent application number PT 109924A). With this method, the production of 100% raw kapok fibers needle-punched compound nonwovens were carried out, these were evaluated before and after being exposed to accelerated aging. After degradation (QUV), these compound nonwovens increased its thickness more than double reaching 25.66 mm, they obtained good mechanical properties, reaching a tensile strength of 161.13 N and puncture strength of 182.60 N. There was a significant increase in the perforation peak height (h_op), with lower through-thickness damage and greater diameter of the plunger-lateral damage, increasing its thermal resistance and thermal conductivity. These compound nonwovens proved to be superhydrophobic with a contact angle of 180° and through the condensation effect they gained almost double in thickness and catching approximately 5 g of weight in water. After these tests, these 100% raw kapok fibers needle-punched compound nonwovens can be considered to have the functional performance required for agrotextile applications.

摘要

如果选择的纤维是木棉，用可持续纤维生产功能性非织造布可能会成为一个巨大的挑战，因为它具有独特的品质，但纤维间内聚力非常低。通过一项非常详尽的工作，开发了一种新的创新生产方法，并申请了专利（专利申请号 PT 109924A）。用这种方法生产了100%原木棉纤维针刺复合非织造布，并在暴露于加速老化之前和之后对其进行了评估。降解（QUV）后，这些复合非织造布的厚度增加了一倍多，达到 25.66 毫米，获得了良好的机械性能，达到了 161.13 N 的拉伸强度和 182.60 N 的穿刺强度。穿孔峰高显着增加（^ h_运)，具有较低的贯穿厚度损伤和较大的柱塞横向损伤直径，增加了其热阻和热导率。这些复合非织造布被证明是超疏水的，接触角为 180°，通过冷凝效应，它们的厚度几乎增加了一倍，并在水中吸收了大约 5 克的重量。经过这些测试，这些 100% 原木棉纤维针刺复合非织造布可以被认为具有农用纺织品应用所需的功能性能。