The aim of this paper is to measure and benchmark the environmental performance of Portuguese utilities jointly active in the three sectors of water supply, wastewater collection and solid waste management. To do so, we suggest the use of a traditional (optimistic) directional distance Benefit of the Doubt index. We complement the analysis by considering also the pessimistic version of the proposed BoD and by implementing a robust and conditional approach. The obtained results show that there is space for improvement in the pressure balance of these utilities, especially for small and very large units, mostly operating in urban areas.

中文翻译：

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用于衡量水、废水和固体废物公用事业环境绩效的综合指标

本文的目的是衡量和衡量葡萄牙公用事业公司在供水、废水收集和固体废物管理三个领域共同活跃的环境绩效。为此，我们建议使用怀疑指数的传统（乐观）定向距离优势。我们通过考虑拟议董事会的悲观版本并实施稳健和有条件的方法来补充分析。获得的结果表明，这些公用设施的压力平衡有改进的空间，特别是对于主要在城市地区运行的小型和超大型机组。