Due to the high Reynolds numbers together with the complex turbulent motions in turbomachinery, selecting a proper turbulence-modeling method is of vital significance in interpreting the real flow physics. In this paper, shear stress transport (SST) as a Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes model and scale-adaptive simulation (SAS) and zonal large eddy simulation (ZLES) as two scale-resolving simulation approaches were chosen to simulate the flow in a low-speed axial compressor rotor at three different blade tip clearances (1.3, 2.6, and 4.3% of chord length). Results of unsteady simulations at the design point were compared to the experimental data. The results prove that the ZLES model performs best in characterizing the experimental data regardless of the blade tip clearance size. The performance of the SST model in capturing the tip flow is close to the measurement data when the blade tip clearance is small, while the deviation from the experimental results increases with the clearance size enlarged. In contrast, the use of the SAS model does not result in any benefits over the SST model for the small tip clearance but demonstrates similar performance with the ZLES model for the configurations with middle and large tip clearance sizes.

由于涡轮机械中的高雷诺数和复杂的湍流运动，选择合适的湍流建模方法对于解释真实的流动物理至关重要。在本文中，剪应力传输 (SST) 作为雷诺平均 Navier-Stokes 模型和尺度自适应模拟 (SAS) 和区域大涡模拟 (ZLES) 作为两种尺度解析模拟方法被选择来模拟流动三种不同叶尖间隙（弦长的 1.3、2.6 和 4.3%）下的低速轴流压缩机转子。设计点的非稳态模拟结果与实验数据进行了比较。结果证明，无论叶尖间隙大小如何，ZLES 模型在表征实验数据方面都表现最佳。当叶尖间隙较小时，SST模型捕获叶尖流的性能接近于测量数据，而与实验结果的偏差随着间隙尺寸的增大而增大。相比之下，SAS 模型的使用在小叶尖间隙方面没有比 SST 模型带来任何好处，但在具有中等和大叶尖间隙尺寸的配置方面表现出与 ZLES 模型相似的性能。