A 60-day feeding trial was performed to assess the dietary effect of Lactobacillus casei as a probiotic supplement on some serum biochemical parameters and liver histopathology in common carp fry after exposure to iron oxide nanoparticles (IoNPs). Six treatments were prepared as follows: control (no IoNP exposure and no dietary probiotic), P6: 106 CFU/g probiotic diet, P7: 107 CFU/g probiotic diet, NPs: 0.15 mg/l IoNPs, NPs + P6: 0.15 mg/l IoNPs with 106 CFU/g probiotic diet, and NPs + P7: 0.15 mg/l IoNPs with 107 CFU/gprobiotic diet. Based on the results, serum aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase levels were significantly increased in 0.15 mg/l IoNPs, P7, and NPs + P6 treatments compared to the control group. In addition, the examination of antioxidant enzymes showed a significant increase in the levels of cortisol and glutathione S-transferase as well as malondialdehyde level. IoNPs also caused significant histopathological changes in the fish liver during the experiment such as hyperemia in sinusoidal spaces, hepatocytes vacuolation and necrosis, pyknosis, and disruption of hepatic lobules and atrophy. Results revealed the protective effects of dietary L. casei to mitigate the adverse impacts of IoNPs on the physiological processes of common carp.

中文翻译：

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日粮干酪乳杆菌对氧化铁纳米颗粒暴露后鲤鱼（Cyprinus carpio）生理代谢反应和肝脏组织病理学的影响。

进行了一项为期 60 天的喂养试验，以评估干酪乳杆菌作为益生菌补充剂对普通鲤鱼鱼苗暴露于氧化铁纳米颗粒 (IoNPs) 后某些血清生化参数和肝脏组织病理学的影响。六种处理准备如下：对照（无 IoNP 暴露和膳食益生菌），P6：106 CFU/g 益生菌饮食，P7：107 CFU/g 益生菌饮食，NPs：0.15 mg/l IoNPs，NPs + P6：0.15 mg /l IoNPs 与 106 CFU/g 益生菌饮食，NPs + P7：0.15 mg/l IoNPs 与 107 CFU/gprobiotic 饮食。根据结果​​，与对照组相比，0.15 mg/l IoNPs、P7 和 NPs + P6 处理组的血清天冬氨酸氨基转移酶和丙氨酸氨基转移酶水平显着增加。此外，抗氧化酶的检查显示皮质醇和谷胱甘肽 S-转移酶水平以及丙二醛水平显着增加。在实验过程中，IoNPs 还在鱼肝中引起了显着的组织病理学变化，例如肝窦间隙充血、肝细胞空泡化和坏死、固缩、肝小叶破坏和萎缩。结果揭示了饮食中干酪乳杆菌对减轻 IoNPs 对鲤鱼生理过程的不利影响的保护作用。