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Age and Sex: Impact on adipose tissue metabolism and inflammation
Mechanisms of Ageing and Development ( IF 5.3 ) Pub Date : 2021-08-30 , DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2021.111563
Mita Varghese 1 , Jianrui Song 2 , Kanakadurga Singer 1
Affiliation  

Age associated chronic inflammation is a major contributor to diseases with advancing age. Adipose tissue function is at the nexus of processes contributing to age-related metabolic disease and mediating longevity. Hormonal fluctuations in aging potentially regulate age-associated visceral adiposity and metabolic dysfunction. Visceral adiposity in aging is linked to aberrant adipogenesis, insulin resistance, lipotoxicity and altered adipokine secretion. Age-related inflammatory phenomena depict sex differences in macrophage polarization, changes in T and B cell numbers, and types of dendritic cells. Sex differences are also observed in adipose tissue remodeling and cellular senescence suggesting a role for sex steroid hormones in the regulation of the adipose tissue microenvironment. It is crucial to investigate sex differences in aging clinical outcomes to identify and better understand physiology in at-risk individuals. Early interventions aimed at targets involved in adipose tissue adipogenesis, remodeling and inflammation in aging could facilitate a profound impact on health span and overcome age-related functional decline.



中文翻译:

年龄和性别:对脂肪组织代谢和炎症的影响

与年龄相关的慢性炎症是导致随着年龄增长的疾病的主要因素。脂肪组织功能与导致与年龄相关的代谢疾病和介导长寿的过程息息相关。衰老中的荷尔蒙波动可能调节与年龄相关的内脏肥胖和代谢功能障碍。衰老过程中的内脏肥胖与异常脂肪生成、胰岛素抵抗、脂毒性和脂肪因子分泌改变有关。与年龄相关的炎症现象描述了巨噬细胞极化、T 和 B 细胞数量的变化以及树突细胞类型的性别差异。在脂肪组织重塑和细胞衰老中也观察到性别差异,这表明性类固醇激素在调节脂肪组织微环境中的作用。研究衰老临床结果的性别差异以识别和更好地了解高危人群的生理学至关重要。针对涉及脂肪组织脂肪生成、重塑和衰老炎症的目标的早期干预措施可以促进对健康跨度的深远影响并克服与年龄相关的功能衰退。

更新日期:2021-09-01
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