Variability in cognitive decline is related to the environment, lifestyle factors, and individual differences in biological aging, including cognitive reserve, plastic properties of the brain, which account for better-than-expected cognition for a given level of brain aging or pathology. Cognitive reserve has not been thoroughly investigated in aged rodents. To address this gap, cognitive reserve was examined using Gene Expression Omnibus data for the CA1 region of the hippocampus of young and aged behaviorally characterized male rats. Statistical filtering identified brain aging and potential cognitive reserve genes, and multiple regression was employed to confirm cognitive reserve genes as genes that predicted better-than-expected cognition for a given level of brain aging. In general, cognitive reserve genes, in which increased expression was associated with better cognition, were not different with age or directly correlated with measures of cognition and appear to act as negative regulators of aging processes, including neuroinflammation and oxidative stress. The results suggest that, for some animals, resilience mechanisms are activated to counteract aging stressors that impair cognition. In contrast, cognitive reserve genes, in which decreased expression was associated with better cognition, were linked to nervous system development and cation transport, suggesting adaptive changes in the circuit to preserve cognition.

认知衰退的变异性与环境、生活方式因素和生物衰老的个体差异有关，包括认知储备、大脑的可塑性特性，这些因素导致在给定的大脑衰老或病理水平下认知优于预期。尚未对老年啮齿动物的认知储备进行彻底调查。为了解决这一差距，使用基因表达综合数据检查年轻和老年行为特征雄性大鼠海马 CA1 区域的认知储备。统计过滤确定了大脑衰老和潜在的认知储备基因，并且采用多元回归来确认认知储备基因是预测给定大脑衰老水平的认知优于预期的基因。一般来说，认知储备基因，其中增加的表达与更好的认知相关，与年龄没有差异或与认知测量直接相关，并且似乎充当衰老过程的负调节剂，包括神经炎症和氧化应激。结果表明，对于某些动物，恢复机制被激活以抵消损害认知的衰老压力源。相比之下，表达减少与更好的认知相关的认知储备基因与神经系统发育和阳离子转运有关，这表明电路中的适应性变化可以保持认知。结果表明，对于某些动物，恢复机制被激活以抵消损害认知的衰老压力源。相比之下，表达减少与更好的认知相关的认知储备基因与神经系统发育和阳离子转运有关，这表明电路中的适应性变化可以保持认知。结果表明，对于某些动物，恢复机制被激活以抵消损害认知的衰老压力源。相比之下，表达减少与更好的认知相关的认知储备基因与神经系统发育和阳离子转运有关，这表明电路中的适应性变化可以保持认知。