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GSTM1 Gene, Diet, and Kidney Disease: Implication for Precision Medicine?: Recent Advances in Hypertension
Hypertension ( IF 8.3 ) Pub Date : 2021-08-30 , DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.121.16510
Thu H Le 1
Affiliation  

In the United States, the prevalence of chronic kidney disease in adults is ≈14%. The mainstay of therapy for chronic kidney disease is angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers, but many patients with chronic kidney disease still progress to end-stage kidney disease. Increased oxidative stress is a major molecular underpinning of chronic kidney disease progression. In humans, a common deletion variant of the glutathione-S-transferase μ-1 (GSTM1) gene, the GSTM1 null allele (GSTM1(0)), results in decreased GSTM1 enzymatic activity and is associated with higher levels of oxidative stress. GSTM1 belongs to the superfamily of GSTs that are phase II antioxidant enzymes and are regulated by Nrf2 (nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2). Cruciferous vegetables in general, and broccoli in particular, are rich in glucoraphanin, a precursor of sulforaphane that has been shown to have protective effects against oxidative damage through the activation of Nrf2. This review will highlight recent human and animal studies implicating the role of GSTM1 deficiency in hypertension and kidney disease, and its impact on the effects of cruciferous vegetables on kidney injury and disease progression, illustrating the significance of gene and environment interaction and a potential for targeted precision medicine in the treatment of kidney disease.

中文翻译:

GSTM1 基因、饮食和肾脏疾病:对精准医学的影响?:高血压的最新进展

在美国,成人慢性肾病的患病率约为 14%。慢性肾病的主要治疗方法是血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂或血管紧张素受体阻滞剂,但许多慢性肾病患者仍会进展为终末期肾病。增加的氧化应激是慢性肾脏疾病进展的主要分子基础。在人类中,谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶 μ-1 ( GSTM1 ) 基因的常见缺失变体,即GSTM1无效等位基因 ( GSTM1(0)),导致 GSTM1 酶活性降低,并与更高水平的氧化应激相关。GSTM1 属于 GST 超家族,是 II 期抗氧化酶,受 Nrf2(核因子红细胞 2 相关因子 2)调节。一般来说,十字花科蔬菜,尤其是西兰花,富含萝卜硫素,萝卜硫素的前体已被证明通过激活 Nrf2 对氧化损伤具有保护作用。这篇综述将重点介绍最近的人类和动物研究,这些研究表明 GSTM1 缺乏在高血压和肾病中的作用,以及它对十字花科蔬菜对肾损伤和疾病进展的影响的影响,
更新日期:2021-09-09
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