ABSTRACT

Performance of a photovoltaic (PV) module depends on module characteristics, operating conditions, control systems, cell temperature, and installation environment. PV cells operating at high temperatures have lower PV electrical conversion efficiencies. In the present work, efforts are made to design and develop an innovative heat sink through which both the water cooling and cooling with phase change materials (PCM) can be done whenever required. This experimental study reports on the performance of maintaining low PV temperatures with front-surface water-cooling and back-surface cooling with a PCM based heat sink in three different configurations under the climatic condition of Moradabad city in India. The same reference module was compared with (i) a front-surface water-cooled system; (ii) a back-surface PCM-cooled module; and (iii) a system that was time dependently water-cooled and PCM-cooled module. Average surface temperature was reduced by 78.7% under first configuration, 25.7% under second configuration, and 36.8% under third configuration. The net average electrical conversion efficiency enhancement was about 22.8%, 7.8%, and 10.3% for first, second, and third configurations, respectively. New heat sink is found better for thermal management of PV systems in comparison to other available cooling techniques and conventional PV modules.

摘要

光伏 (PV) 模块的性能取决于模块特性、操作条件、控制系统、电池温度和安装环境。在高温下运行的光伏电池具有较低的光伏电转换效率。在目前的工作中，努力设计和开发一种创新的散热器，通过它可以在需要时进行水冷和相变材料 (PCM) 冷却。该实验研究报告了在印度莫拉达巴德市的气候条件下，采用三种不同配置的基于 PCM 的散热器通过前表面水冷和后表面冷却来保持低 PV 温度的性能。将相同的参考模块与 (i) 前表面水冷系统进行比较；(ii) 背面 PCM 冷却模块；(iii) 随时间变化的水冷和 PCM 冷却模块系统。在第一配置下平均表面温度降低了 78.7%，在第二配置下降低了 25.7%，在第三配置下降低了 36.8%。对于第一、第二和第三配置，净平均电转换效率提高分别约为 22.8%、7.8% 和 10.3%。与其他可用的冷却技术和传统的光伏模块相比，新的散热器更适合光伏系统的热管理。和第三种配置，分别。与其他可用的冷却技术和传统的光伏模块相比，新的散热器更适合光伏系统的热管理。和第三种配置，分别。与其他可用的冷却技术和传统的光伏模块相比，新的散热器更适合光伏系统的热管理。