Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of arthritis with multiple risk factors implicated including female sex and obesity. Metabolic dysregulation associated with obesity leading to metabolic syndrome is a proposed component of that association. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) commonly affects women of reproductive age and these women are at higher risk of developing metabolic syndrome and thus likely to represent a high-risk group for early OA development. There are no published studies exploring the epidemiology of knee, hip and hand OA in women diagnosed with PCOS. To assess the prevalence and incidence of knee, hip and hand osteoarthritis (OA) in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) when compared with age-matched controls. Prospective Danish national registry-based cohort study. The prevalence of OA in 2015 and incidence rates of OA over 11.1 years were calculated and compared in more than 75,000 Danish women with either a documented diagnosis of PCOS ± hirsutism (during the period of 1995 to 2012) or age-matched females without those diagnoses randomly drawn from the same population register. In 2015, the prevalence of hospital treated knee, hip and hand OA was 5.2% in women with PCOS diagnosis. It was 73% higher than that seen in age-matched controls. Significantly higher incidence rates were observed in the PCOS cohort compared with the age-matched controls during the follow-up period (up to 20 years), with the following hazard ratios (HR): 1.9 (95% CI 1.7 to 2.1) for knee, 1.8 (95% CI 1.3–2.4) for hand and 1.3 (95% CI 1.1 to 1.6) for hip OA. After excluding women with obesity, similar associations were observed for knee and hand OA. However, risk of developing hip OA was no longer significant. In this large prospective study, women with PCOS diagnosis had higher prevalence and accelerated onset of OA of both weight and non-weight bearing joints, when compared with age-matched controls. Further studies are needed to understand the relative effect of metabolic and hormonal changes linked with PCOS and their role in promoting development of OA.

中文翻译：

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多囊卵巢综合征女性加速骨关节炎：一项基于全国登记的前瞻性队列研究

骨关节炎 (OA) 是最常见的关节炎形式，涉及多种危险因素，包括女性和肥胖。与肥胖相关的代谢失调导致代谢综合征是该关联的一个拟议组成部分。多囊卵巢综合征 (PCOS) 通常影响育龄妇女，这些妇女患代谢综合征的风险较高，因此可能代表早期 OA 发展的高危人群。没有已发表的研究探索诊断为 PCOS 的女性膝、髋和手 OA 的流行病学。与年龄匹配的对照组相比，评估多囊卵巢综合征 (PCOS) 女性膝、髋和手骨关节炎 (OA) 的患病率和发病率。基于丹麦国家登记处的前瞻性队列研究。计算了 2015 年 OA 的患病率和 11.1 年以上的 OA 发病率，并在超过 75,000 名记录诊断为 PCOS ± 多毛症（1995 年至 2012 年期间）或没有这些诊断的年龄匹配女性的丹麦女性中进行了比较从同一个人口登记册中随机抽取。2015 年，在诊断为 PCOS 的女性中，住院治疗的膝、髋和手 OA 的患病率为 5.2%。它比年龄匹配的对照组高 73%。在随访期间（最多 20 年），PCOS 队列中观察到的发病率显着高于年龄匹配的对照组，风险比 (HR) 如下：膝关节为 1.9（95% CI 1.7 到 2.1） , 手部 1.8 (95% CI 1.3–2.4) 和髋部 OA 1.3 (95% CI 1.1 至 1.6)。排除肥胖女性后，膝关节和手部 OA 也观察到类似的关联。然而，发生髋关节 OA 的风险不再显着。在这项大型前瞻性研究中，与年龄匹配的对照组相比，患有 PCOS 的女性在负重关节和非负重关节中的 OA 患病率更高，并且加速发作。需要进一步研究以了解与 PCOS 相关的代谢和激素变化的相对影响及其在促进 OA 发展中的作用。