Limited by the energy density and stability of currently developed Li-ion battery, there are eager demands for high energy density of electrochemical energy storage devices. Among various candidates, Li-O₂ battery has been recognized as one type of the next generation lithium battery to achieve the energy density goal of 350–500 Wh kg⁻¹ due to its extremely high theoretical energy density. However, there are gaps in terms of achievable energy density, rate-capability and cycling performance with respect to practical applications. One of the main reasons is the sluggish reaction kinetics of oxygen electrochemistry at the cathode caused by the insolubility and insulation of the discharge product Li₂O₂. Considering the advantage of mobility in Li-O₂ battery over general solid catalysts, soluble catalytic redox mediators have been introduced into aprotic Li-O₂ battery to facilitate the kinetics of both oxygen evolution reaction and oxygen reduction reaction on the cathode and extensively investigated. In this paper, recent progress on the application of soluble catalytic redox mediators in non-aqueous Li-O₂ battery is systematically reviewed with focus on the underpinning chemical and electrochemical reaction mechanisms, after a brief discussion on the electrolyte solvent which plays a crucial role on the battery performance. The challenges and future opportunities of Li-O₂ battery containing soluble catalytic redox mediators are also summarized and analyzed in this paper.

受限于目前开发的锂离子电池的能量密度和稳定性，对电化学储能装置的高能量密度有着迫切的需求。在众多候选者中，Li-O ₂电池因其极高的理论能量密度而被认为是实现350-500 Wh kg ^-1能量密度目标的下一代锂电池之一。然而，就实际应用而言，在可实现的能量密度、倍率能力和循环性能方面存在差距。主要原因之一是放电产物Li ₂ O ₂的不溶性和绝缘性导致阴极氧电化学反应动力学缓慢。. 考虑到 Li-O ₂电池相对于一般固体催化剂的流动性优势，已将可溶性催化氧化还原介质引入非质子 Li-O ₂电池中，以促进阴极上析氧反应和氧还原反应的动力学，并进行了广泛的研究。本文系统地回顾了可溶性催化氧化还原介质在非水 Li-O ₂电池中应用的最新进展，重点关注基础化学和电化学反应机制，并简要讨论了起关键作用的电解质溶剂。关于电池性能。Li-O ₂的挑战与未来机遇 本文还总结和分析了含有可溶性催化氧化还原介质的电池。