ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to evaluate the growth performance, gastrointestinal function and health status of turkeys fed diets supplemented with synbiotic preparations, as compared with commercial probiotic feed additives. The experiment lasted for 15 weeks. The research material comprised 600 female BIG 6 turkeys (6 treatments, 5 replicates, 20 birds per replicate). The turkeys from the control group (I) received a diet without additives. Groups II and III received a basal diet with the addition of probiotic BioPlus 2B or Cylactin at 0.4 g/kg diet, respectively. In groups IV, V and VI turkeys were fed diets with synbiotic preparations S1 (L. reuteri, L. plantarum, L. pentosus, S. cerevisiae + inulin), S2 (L. reuteri, L. plantarum, L. pentosus, S. cerevisiae, L. rhamnosus + inulin) and S3 (L. reuteri, L. plantarum, L. pentosus, S. cerevisiae, L. rhamnosus, L. paracasei + inulin) at 0.5 g/kg diet, respectively. The following parameters were monitored: growth performance, carcass quality, the chemical composition of meat, the structure (length, weight, villus height, crypt depth) and functional parameters (pH, viscosity) of selected segments of the gastrointestinal tract, and the health status of birds (lysozyme, gamma-globulins, ceruloplasmin and total protein). Dietary supplementation with probiotics and synbiotics contributed to an increase in the final body weights of turkeys, a decrease in the feed conversion ratio and an increase in values of the European Production Efficiency Factor (p ≤ 0.05). Synbiotics improved the immune status of birds by increasing serum gamma-globulin levels and decreasing ceruloplasmin activity at 8^th week of age (p ≤ 0.05). Synbiotics and probiotics also contributed to a decrease in crop and caecal pH (p ≤ 0.05). The analysed additives had no effect on carcass dressing percentage, carcass quality characteristics or the chemical composition of breast muscles. The tested synbiotics as well as commercial probiotics can be valuable feed additives, improving the growth performance and immune status of turkeys.

摘要

本研究的目的是评估与商业益生菌饲料添加剂相比，添加了合生元制剂的火鸡的生长性能、胃肠功能和健康状况。实验持续了 15 周。研究材料包括 600 只雌性 BIG 6 火鸡（6 个处理，5 个重复，每个重复 20 只鸟）。对照组 (I) 的火鸡接受不含添加剂的饮食。II 组和 III 组接受基础饮食，分别添加益生菌 BioPlus 2B 或 Cylactin 0.4 g/kg 饮食。在第 IV、V 和 VI 组中，用合生元制剂 S1（罗伊氏乳杆菌、植物乳杆菌、戊糖乳杆菌、酿酒酵母+ 菊粉）、S2（罗伊氏乳杆菌、植物乳杆菌、戊糖乳杆菌、S . 酿酒酵母、鼠李糖乳杆菌+ 菊粉）和 S3（罗伊氏乳杆菌、植物乳杆菌、戊糖乳杆菌、酿酒酵母、鼠李糖乳杆菌、副干酪乳杆菌+ 菊粉）分别为 0.5 g/kg 饮食。监测以下参数：生长性能、胴体质量、肉的化学成分、胃肠道选定部分的结构（长度、重量、绒毛高度、隐窝深度）和功能参数（pH、粘度），以及健康鸟类状态（溶菌酶、γ-球蛋白、铜蓝蛋白和总蛋白）。在日粮中添加益生菌和合生元有助于增加火鸡的最终体重、饲料转化率的降低和欧洲生产效率因子值的增加 ( p ≤ 0.05)。合生素通过在^第8周龄时提高血清丙种球蛋白水平和降低铜蓝蛋白活性来改善家禽的免疫状态( p  ≤ 0.05)。合生元和益生菌也有助于降低作物和盲肠 pH 值 ( p  ≤ 0.05)。所分析的添加剂对屠体屠宰率、屠体质量特征或胸肌的化学成分没有影响。经测试的合生元和商业益生菌可以成为有价值的饲料添加剂，可改善火鸡的生长性能和免疫状态。