Industrial synthesis of ammonia (NH₃) involves high energy consumption resulting in intense pollution. Alternatively, electrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) to NH₃ can be carried out under mild conditions, which is a new green NH₃ synthesis method. Herein, cerium zirconium solid solutions (Zr_xCe_1-xO₂) with different proportions were synthesized by NH₃ precipitation method and employed as electrocatalysts for NRR. The performance of the different catalysts in 0.1 mol L⁻¹ Na₂SO₄ was evaluated with H₂O and N₂ as reactants. The results show that Zr_0.9Ce_0.1O₂ has the highest Faraday efficiency (FE) of 62.68 % at −1.3 V (vs. Ag/AgCl) and the highest yield rate of NH₃ −9.34×10⁻¹¹ mol cm⁻² s⁻¹ at −1.35 V (vs. Ag/AgCl). The impressive FE is due to more oxygen vacancies in Zr_0.9Ce_0.1O₂ introduced by Ce³⁺, which is more prone to the adsorption of N₂ on the catalyst surface and facilitates the electrochemical reaction.

中文翻译：

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环境条件下用于电化学氮还原反应的高法拉第效率铈锆固溶体

氨（NH ₃）的工业合成涉及高能耗，导致严重污染。或者，电化学氮还原反应（NRR）生成NH ₃可以在温和条件下进行，这是一种新的绿色NH ₃合成方法。在此，通过NH ₃沉淀法合成了不同比例的铈锆固溶体(Zr _x Ce _1-x O ₂ )，并将其用作NRR的电催化剂。用 H ₂ O 和 N ₂评估了不同催化剂在 0.1 mol L ^-1 Na ₂ SO ₄中的性能作为反应物。结果表明，Zr _0.9 Ce _0.1 O ₂在-1.3 V (vs. Ag/AgCl) 下具有最高的法拉第效率(FE) 62.68 % 和最高的NH ₃ -9.34×10 ^-11  mol cm ^-2产率 s ^-1在 -1.35 V（相对于 Ag/AgCl）。令人印象深刻的FE是由于Ce ³⁺引入的Zr _0.9 Ce _0.1 O _{2 中}更多的氧空位，更容易在催化剂表面吸附N ₂并促进电化学反应。