As an environmentally friendly materials, lignin nanoparticles, especially the lignin nanospheres with controlled size or morphology, have shown great potentials in many areas. However, the lignin nanosphere with tailored structure was rarely reported to be prepared from lignin in raw lignocellulose. In this study, a protocol to produce lignin nanoparticles with tailored size and morphology directly from corn stover was investigated. Lignin was extracted from raw biomass with tetrahydrofuran (THF) as solvent, and then dialyzed in water. The fractionated lignin showed high hydrophobicity and dissolvability in organic solvent and was the ideal precursor to prepare nano-sphere, and the chemical modification of lignin was omitted. The smooth surface, non-porous structured and regular shaped spheres were formed through dialysis, which suggested that the dialysis time, dialysis temperature and the initial dosage of lignin were the factors effecting the morphology of lignin-nanosphere. By adjusting the factors, the morphology of lignin nano-spheres were able to be tailored with specific size and tunable structure, such as hollow nanosphere with 458−615 nm particle size, and solid nanosphere sized in 250−350 nm, 350−450 nm, 450−600 nm, 600−700 nm, 600−800 nm, 700−955 nm respectively. Moreover, the lignin nano-spheres with tailored structure showed different UV-blocking ability and bacterial culture capacity, which provided a promising development of lignin-based nanomaterials with raw biomass as the feedstock.

作为一种环保材料，木质素纳米粒子，尤其是尺寸或形态可控的木质素纳米球，在许多领域都显示出巨大的潜力。然而，很少有报道称从原始木质纤维素中的木质素制备具有定制结构的木质素纳米球。在这项研究中，研究了一种直接从玉米秸秆生产具有定制尺寸和形态的木质素纳米颗粒的方案。以四氢呋喃 (THF) 为溶剂从生物质中提取木质素，然后在水中透析。分离后的木质素在有机溶剂中表现出高度的疏水性和溶解性，是制备纳米球的理想前体，并且省略了木质素的化学改性。通过透析形成表面光滑、无孔结构和规则形状的球体，这表明透析时间、透析温度和木质素初始用量是影响木质素-纳米球形态的因素。通过调整这些因素，木质素纳米球的形态可以定制为特定尺寸和可调结构，例如粒径为 458-615 nm 的空心纳米球，以及粒径为 250-350 nm、350-450 nm 的实心纳米球, 450-600 nm, 600-700 nm, 600-800 nm, 700-955 nm。此外，具有定制结构的木质素纳米球显示出不同的紫外线阻断能力和细菌培养能力，这为以生物质为原料的木质素纳米材料的发展提供了广阔的前景。木质素纳米球的形态能够根据特定的尺寸和可调结构进行定制，例如粒径为 458-615 nm 的空心纳米球，以及粒径为 250-350 nm、350-450 nm、450-600 nm 的实心纳米球, 600-700 nm, 600-800 nm, 700-955 nm。此外，具有定制结构的木质素纳米球显示出不同的紫外线阻断能力和细菌培养能力，这为以生物质为原料的木质素纳米材料的发展提供了广阔的前景。木质素纳米球的形态能够根据特定的尺寸和可调结构进行定制，例如粒径为 458-615 nm 的空心纳米球，以及粒径为 250-350 nm、350-450 nm、450-600 nm 的实心纳米球, 600-700 nm, 600-800 nm, 700-955 nm。此外，具有定制结构的木质素纳米球显示出不同的紫外线阻断能力和细菌培养能力，这为以生物质为原料的木质素纳米材料的发展提供了广阔的前景。