The evaluation of ecological risks of contaminant mixtures to organisms is very challenging due to the non-linear response of organisms to each component, especially under the co-existence of both stimulators and inhibitors. Whether the stimulatory effect can reduce or even offset the inhibitory effect would be critical to the risk assessment and the treatment measures of mixed pollutants. Here, the combined toxicity of sodium fluoride (NaF), a stimulator with stimulation rate >100%, and six compounds that cannot induce hormesis (four ionic liquids (ILs) and two pesticides) were studied. The time-dependent toxicity of each toxicant on Vibrio qinghaiensis sp.-Q67 was investigated at 0.25, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 h. Results showed that four ILs and two pesticides failed to induce hormesis, while NaF induced hormesis from 2 to 6 h and induced stimulation only after 6 h and reached its maximum (650%) at 12 h. All mixture rays with NaF induced hormesis at different times. In the four NaF-IL mixture systems, the absolute value of maximum stimulation demonstrated an upwards and then a downwards trend with the increasing of mixture ratio of IL. In two NaF-pesticide systems, the maximum stimulation effect declined with the increasing of the mixture ratio of pesticide. The toxicities of the mixture were successfully predicted by the improved inverse distance weighted interpolation, which are not able to be predicted by the commonly used concentration addition or independent action models. This paper shed lights on evaluating the hormesis of mixtures and the ecological risk of fluoride.

由于生物体对每种成分的非线性反应，特别是在刺激剂和抑制剂共存的情况下，评估污染物混合物对生物体的生态风险非常具有挑战性。刺激作用能否降低甚至抵消抑制作用对混合污染物的风险评估和处理措施至关重要。在这里，研究了氟化钠 (NaF)、刺激率 >100% 的刺激剂和六种不能引起兴奋的化合物（四种离子液体 (IL) 和两种农药）的综合毒性。各毒物对青海弧菌的时效毒性sp.-Q67 在 0.25、2、4、6、8、10 和 12 小时进行了研究。结果表明，4种ILs和2种农药均未引起兴奋作用，而NaF在2-6小时内引起兴奋作用，6小时后才引起刺激作用，并在12小时达到最大值（650%）。所有与 NaF 的混合射线在不同时间诱导兴奋作用。在四种NaF-IL混合体系中，最大刺激的绝对值随着IL混合比的增加呈现先升后降的趋势。在两种NaF-农药体系中，最大增效效果随着农药混合比的增加而下降。通过改进的逆距离加权插值成功地预测了混合物的毒性，这是常用的浓度加法或独立作用模型无法预测的。