A number of pneumococcal carriage studies in children have been conducted in recent years. However, summary data of carriage prevalence and serotype distribution from South East Asia Region (SEAR) are limited. This may lead to the misconception that Streptococcus pneumoniae vaccine-types are uncommon in the region. Systematic reviews of pneumococcal carriage and the distribution of serotypes are critically important for evidence-based decision-making. We aimed to summarize published data on the serotype prevalence of S. pneumoniae carried in the nasopharynx of children under 5 years of age in SEAR. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis for relevant studies on S. pneumoniae carriage conducted prior to PCV program implementation from online journal databases published between January 2001 to December 2019. The pooled prevalence of S. pneumoniae in healthy children under 5 years of age in SEAR was 36.0% (95% CI 34.2%–37.8%), and ranged from 68.0% (95% CI: 61.9%–74.0%) in Cambodia to 7.6% (95% CI: 5.7%–9.6%) in Malaysia. Serotypes 6A/B, 23F and 19F were the most common serotypes in children <5 years, accounting for 12.9% (95% CI: 9.4%–16.3%), 9.3% (95% CI: 5.9%–12.8%) and 10.1% (95% CI: 6.6%–13.5%) of isolates, respectively. Vaccine policy makers should take these results into account when making decisions on pneumococcal conjugate vaccine programs implementation. Given the paucity of data, collection of more extensive and updated information of S. pneumoniae serotype epidemiology in children under five years in SEAR is also very important for future studies.

近年来，已对儿童进行了多项肺炎球菌携带研究。然而，东南亚地区 (SEAR) 的携带流行率和血清型分布的汇总数据有限。这可能会导致误解，认为肺炎链球菌疫苗类型在该地区并不常见。对肺炎球菌携带和血清型分布的系统评价对于循证决策至关重要。我们旨在总结SEAR 中 5 岁以下儿童鼻咽部携带的肺炎链球菌血清型流行率的已发表数据。我们对肺炎链球菌的相关研究进行了系统回顾和荟萃分析从 2001 年 1 月至 2019 年 12 月发布的在线期刊数据库中进行的 PCV 计划实施之前进行的携带。SEAR 中 5 岁以下健康儿童的肺炎链球菌综合患病率为 36.0%（95% CI 34.2%–37.8%），范围从柬埔寨的 68.0% (95% CI: 61.9%–74.0%) 到马来西亚的 7.6% (95% CI: 5.7%–9.6%)。血清型 6A/B、23F 和 19F 是 <5 岁儿童最常见的血清型，分别占 12.9%（95% CI：9.4%–16.3%）、9.3%（95% CI：5.9%–12.8%）和 10.1%。 % (95% CI: 6.6%–13.5%) 的分离株，分别。疫苗政策制定者在决定实施肺炎球菌结合疫苗计划时应考虑这些结果。鉴于缺乏数据，收集更广泛和更新的肺炎链球菌信息SEAR 中 5 岁以下儿童的血清型流行病学对未来的研究也非常重要。