Over-the-air (OTA) testing is an industry standard practice for evaluating transceiver performance in wireless devices. For the fifth generation (5G) and beyond wireless systems with high integration, OTA testing is probably the only reliable method to accurately measure the transceiver performance, suitable for certification as well as for providing feedback for design verification and optimization. Further, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) technology is extensively applied for stable connection, high throughput rate, and low latency. In this paper, we provide an overview of the three main methods for evaluating the MIMO OTA performance, namely, the multiprobe anechoic chamber (MPAC) method, the reverberation chamber plus channel emulator (RC+CE) method, and the radiated two-stage (RTS) method, with the aim of providing a useful guideline for developing effective wireless performance testing in future 5G-and-beyond wireless systems.

空中 (OTA) 测试是评估无线设备收发器性能的行业标准做法。对于第五代（5G）及更高集成度的无线系统，OTA测试可能是准确测量收发器性能的唯一可靠方法，适用于认证以及为设计验证和优化提供反馈。此外，多输入多输出（MIMO）技术被广泛应用于稳定连接、高吞吐率和低延迟。在本文中，我们概述了评估 MIMO OTA 性能的三种主要方法，即多探头消声室 (MPAC) 方法、混响室加信道仿真器 (RC+CE) 方法和辐射两级(RTS) 方法，