A sensitive electrogenerated chemiluminescence (ECL) biosensor for glucose was developed based on in situ growth of TiO₂ nanowires on Ti₃C₂ MXenes (TiO₂-Ti₃C₂) as the nanoplatform. Via tuning the alkaline oxidation time, different amount of TiO₂ nanowires can be found on MXenes. An ECL biosensor for glucose was constructed by covalent immobilization of glucose oxidase (GODx) on the glycine functional TiO₂-Ti₃C₂ surface, with the ECL signal depending on the in-situ formation of H₂O₂ via the specifically catalysis of glucose by GODx, resulting in the apparent increase of ECL signal. The TiO₂-Ti₃C₂ can also act as the catalyst for the oxidation of H₂O₂ into O₂ to enhance the ECL of luminol. Based on this strategy, a highly sensitive ECL biosensor for glucose was obtained in wide concentration range of 20 nM-12 mM with a low detection limit of 1.2 nM (S/N = 3). The synergistic effects of large surface area, excellent conductivity, and high catalytic activity of the TiO₂-Ti₃C₂ make the sensor highly sensitive toward glucose; the specific enzyme catalysis reaction promises excellent selectivity of the ECL sensor. The proposed biosensor has been employed to detect glucose in human serum, fruits, and sweat samples with excellent performances, providing a universal approach for glucose in various samples, which shows great prospect in clinical diagnostics and wearable sensors.

基于在作为纳米平台的 Ti ₃ C ₂ MXenes (TiO ₂ -Ti ₃ C ₂ )上原位生长 TiO ₂纳米线，开发了一种用于葡萄糖的灵敏的电致化学发光 (ECL) 生物传感器。通过调节碱性氧化时间，可以在 MXenes 上发现不同数量的 TiO ₂纳米线。通过将葡萄糖氧化酶 (GODx) 共价固定在甘氨酸功能化的 TiO ₂ -Ti ₃ C ₂表面上，构建了葡萄糖 ECL 生物传感器，ECL 信号取决于 H ₂ O _{2 的}原位形成通过GODx对葡萄糖的特异性催化，导致ECL信号明显增加。TiO ₂ -Ti ₃ C ₂还可以作为催化剂将H ₂ O ₂氧化成O ₂以提高鲁米诺的ECL。基于此策略，在 20 nM-12 mM 的宽浓度范围内获得了高灵敏度的葡萄糖 ECL 生物传感器，检测限低至 1.2 nM (S/N = 3)。TiO ₂ -Ti ₃ C ₂大表面积、优良导电性和高催化活性的协同作用使传感器对葡萄糖高度敏感；特定的酶催化反应保证了 ECL 传感器的出色选择性。所提出的生物传感器已被用于检测人血清、水果和汗液样品中的葡萄糖，具有优异的性能，为各种样品中的葡萄糖提供了一种通用的方法，在临床诊断和可穿戴传感器中显示出广阔的前景。