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Towards Trustworthy IoT: A Blockchain-Edge Computing Hybrid System with Proof-of-Contribution Mechanism
Security and Communication Networks ( IF 1.968 ) Pub Date : 2021-08-29 , DOI: 10.1155/2021/3050953
Huan Dai 1 , Pengzhan Shi 1 , He Huang 2 , Ruyu Chen 1 , Jun Zhao 1
Affiliation  

The emerging smart city is driving massive transformations of modern cities, facing the huge influx of sensor data from IoT devices. Edge computing distributes computing tasks to the near-edge end, which greatly enhances the service quality of IoT applications, that is, ultralow latency, large capacity, and high throughput. However, due to the constrained resource of IoT devices, currently, systems with a centralized model are vulnerable to attacks, such as DDoS from IoT botnet and central database failure, which can hardly provide high-confidence services. Recently, blockchain with a high security promise is considered to provide new approaches to enhancing the security of IoT systems. However, blockchain and IoT have obvious incompatibility, and low-capacity IoT devices can hardly be incorporated into blockchain with high computing requirements. In this paper, a blockchain-edge computing hybrid system (BEHS) is presented to make the adaptation of blockchain to edge computing and provide trustworthy IoT management services for a smart city. A novel extensible consensus protocol designed for proof-of-work, named proof-of-contribution (PoC), is proposed to regulate the data upload behaviors of nodes, especially the data upload frequency of IoT device nodes, so as to protect the system from attack about frequency. In order to secure the data privacy and authenticity, a data access control scheme is designed by integrating symmetric encryption with asymmetric encryption algorithm. We implemented a concrete BEHS on Ethereum, realized the function of PoC mechanism via smart contracts, and conducted a case study for smart city. The extensive evaluations and analyses show that the proposed PoC mechanism can effectively detect and automatically manage the behavior of nodes, and the time cost of data access control scheme is within an acceptable range.

中文翻译:

迈向值得信赖的物联网:具有贡献证明机制的区块链边缘计算混合系统

新兴的智慧城市正在推动现代城市的大规模转型,面临着来自物联网设备的大量传感器数据的涌入。边缘计算将计算任务分发到近边缘端,极大提升了物联网应用的服务质量,即超低时延、大容量、高吞吐。但是,由于物联网设备资源有限,目前采用中心化模型的系统容易受到物联网僵尸网络DDoS攻击、中心数据库故障等攻击,难以提供高可信度的服务。最近,具有高安全性承诺的区块链被认为提供了增强物联网系统安全性的新方法。但是,区块链和物联网存在明显的不兼容,低容量的物联网设备很难融入到高计算要求的区块链中。在本文中,提出了一种区块链边缘计算混合系统(BEHS),使区块链适应边缘计算,为智慧城市提供值得信赖的物联网管理服务。提出了一种为工作量证明设计的新型可扩展共识协议,称为贡献证明(PoC),用于规范节点的数据上传行为,特别是物联网设备节点的数据上传频率,以保护系统从攻击频率。为了保证数据的隐私性和真实性,设计了一种将对称加密与非对称加密算法相结合的数据访问控制方案。我们在以太坊上实现了一个具体的 BEHS,通过智能合约实现了 PoC 机制的功能,并对智慧城市进行了案例研究。
更新日期:2021-08-29
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