With the rising demand for hydrogen in petrochemical and refineries complexes, the optimisation of hydrogen utility is getting more attention. Through inter-plant hydrogen integration (IPHI), the overall hydrogen consumption and purged gases could be further reduced by exchanging hydrogen gases among multiple plants which could reduce the climate change effect. In this work, a P-graph methodology is proposed for the optimal design of IPHI with regeneration-reuse/recycle via a centralised utility hub. Green hydrogen is incorporated in this work in the call for climate change adaption. A case study involving green hydrogen sourced from solar energy, palm oil mill effluent, and wastewater was used to demonstrate the proposed methodology. Four integration schemes were analysed using game theory-based approach for decision making. In IPHI, each participating plant may seek to maximise its own benefits due to rational self-interest. Hence, a game theory-based approach was used to analyse the interaction of participating plants in developing the IPHI schemes. With the implementation of carbon tax, it is potential for motivating collaborations as additional gains can be achieved through collaboration compared to short-sighted self-interest decision. The proposed methodology indicates that collective welfare can be maximised through cooperation among all networks to pursue Pareto optimality and in line with the commitment to tackle climate change and reaching sustainainability agenda.

随着石化和炼油厂对氢气的需求不断增加，氢气效用的优化越来越受到关注。通过工厂间氢气集成（IPHI），可以通过在多个工厂之间交换氢气来进一步减少整体氢气消耗和净化气体，这可以减少气候变化的影响。在这项工作中，提出了一种 P-graph 方法，用于通过集中式公用事业中心进行再生-再利用/再循环的 IPHI 优化设计。绿氢被纳入这项工作中，呼吁适应气候变化。一个涉及来自太阳能、棕榈油厂废水和废水的绿色氢的案例研究被用来证明所提出的方法。使用基于博弈论的决策方法分析了四种集成方案。在 IPHI 中，每个参与工厂都可能出于理性的自身利益寻求自身利益的最大化。因此，使用基于博弈论的方法来分析参与工厂在制定 IPHI 计划中的相互作用。随着碳税的实施，与短视的利己决策相比，通过合作可以获得额外收益，因此有可能激发合作。