Effective cancer therapy can be achieved by using nano-drug delivery systems which provide a targeted drug delivery strategy by overcoming the drawbacks of conventional treatments like chemotherapy and radiation. ZnO nanoparticles are a potent anticancer agent that causes tumor cell destruction with the targeted drug delivery. In this present study, green synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles has been done using the plant Solanum nigrum. The synthesized ZnO nanoparticles were studied by the characterization techniques like UV-visible spectroscopy, SEM, TEM, DLS, zeta potential, FTIR, and XRD. The synthesized ZnO nanoparticles of Solanum nigrum exhibited a significant anticancer activity against HeLa cell lines through the apoptotic pathway. The cytotoxicity of ZnO nanoparticles was assessed using MTT assay, wound healing assay, DAPI staining, and acridine orange and ethidium bromide double staining. The expression patterns of β-catenin, p53, caspase-3, and caspase-9 were analyzed using reverse transcriptase-PCR. The results obtained from the study indicate that the ZnO nanoparticles of Solanum nigrum possess a dose-dependent cytotoxic effect against HeLa cell lines through the inhibition of β-catenin and increasing the levels of p53, caspase-3, and caspase-9.

中文翻译：

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龙葵氧化锌纳米颗粒的合成、表征及其诱导宫颈癌凋亡的抗癌活性。

有效的癌症治疗可以通过使用纳米药物递送系统来实现，该系统通过克服化疗和放射等常规治疗的缺点提供靶向药物递送策略。ZnO 纳米颗粒是一种有效的抗癌剂，可通过靶向药物递送导致肿瘤细胞破坏。在本研究中，使用植物龙葵完成了 ZnO 纳米颗粒的绿色合成。通过紫外-可见光谱、SEM、TEM、DLS、zeta电位、FTIR和XRD等表征技术对合成的ZnO纳米颗粒进行了研究。合成的龙葵 ZnO 纳米颗粒通过凋亡途径对 HeLa 细胞系表现出显着的抗癌活性。使用 MTT 法、伤口愈合法、DAPI 染色法评估 ZnO 纳米粒子的细胞毒性，和吖啶橙和溴化乙锭双染。使用逆转录酶-PCR 分析了 β-catenin、p53、caspase-3 和 caspase-9 的表达模式。研究结果表明，龙葵 ZnO 纳米颗粒通过抑制 β-catenin 和增加 p53、caspase-3 和 caspase-9 的水平，对 HeLa 细胞系具有剂量依赖性的细胞毒作用。