Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a degenerative disease caused by motor neuron damage in the central nervous system, and it is difficult to diagnose early. Drosophila melanogaster is widely used to investigate disease mechanisms and discover biomarkers because it is easy to induce disease in Drosophila through genetic engineering. We performed matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI) to investigate changes in phospholipid distribution in the brain tissue of an ALS-induced Drosophila model. Fly brain tissues of several hundred micrometers or less were sampled using a fly collar to obtain reproducible tissue sections of similar sizes. MSI of brain tissues of Drosophila cultured for 1 or 10 days showed that the distribution of phospholipids, including phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidic acid (PA), phosphatidylserine (PS), and phosphatidylinositol (PI), was significantly different between the control group and the ALS group. In addition, the lipid profile according to phospholipids differed as the culture time increased from 1 to 10 days. These results suggest that disease indicators based on lipid metabolites can be discovered by performing MALDI-MSI on very small brain tissue samples from the Drosophila disease model to ultimately assess the phospholipid changes that occur in early-stage ALS.

中文翻译：

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基质辅助激光解吸/电离质谱对早期肌萎缩侧索硬化果蝇模型中磷脂变化的成像。

肌萎缩侧索硬化症（ALS）是一种由中枢神经系统运动神经元损伤引起的退行性疾病，早期诊断困难。黑腹果蝇被广泛用于研究疾病机制和发现生物标志物，因为通过基因工程很容易在果蝇中诱发疾病。我们进行了基质辅助激光解吸/电离质谱成像 (MALDI-MSI) 以研究 ALS 诱导的果蝇模型脑组织中磷脂分布的变化。使用苍蝇项圈对数百微米或更小的苍蝇脑组织进行采样，以获得类似大小的可重复组织切片。培养 1 天或 10 天的果蝇脑组织 MSI 显示磷脂的分布，包括磷脂酰胆碱 (PC)、磷脂酰乙醇胺 (PE)、磷脂酸 (PA)、磷脂酰丝氨酸 (PS) 和磷脂酰肌醇 (PI) 在对照组和 ALS 组之间存在显着差异。此外，根据磷脂的脂质谱随着培养时间从 1 天增加到 10 天而不同。这些结果表明，可以通过对来自果蝇疾病模型的非常小的脑组织样本执行 MALDI-MSI 来发现基于脂质代谢物的疾病指标，以最终评估早期 ALS 中发生的磷脂变化。