The SARS-CoV-2 virus has spread worldwide to cause a full blown pandemic since 2020. To date, several promising synthetic therapeutics are repurposed and vaccines through different stages of clinical trials were approved and being administered, but still the efficacy of the drugs and vaccines are yet to be decoded. This article highlights the importance of traditional medicinal plants and the phytomolecules derived from them, which possess in vitro antiviral and anti-CoV properties and further explores their potential as inhibitors to molecular targets of SARS-CoV-2 that were evaluated by in silico approaches. Botanicals in traditional medicinal systems have been investigated for anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity through in silico and in vitro studies. However, information linking structure of phytomolecules to their antiviral activity is limited. Most phytomolecules with anti-CoV activity were studied for inhibition of the human ACE2 receptor through which the virus enters host cells, and non-structural proteins 3CL^pro and PL^pro. Although the proteases are ideal anti-CoV targets, information on plant-based inhibitors for the CoV structural proteins, e.g., spike, envelope, membrane, nucleocapsid required further investigations. In absence of scientific evaluations through in vitro and biocompatibility studies, plant-based antivirals fall short as treatment options. Plant-based anti-SARS-CoV-2 therapeutics can be promising alternatives to their synthetic counterparts as they are economical and bear fewer chances of toxicity, side effects, and viral resistance. Our review could provide a systematic overview of the potential phytomolecules which can be repurposed and subjected to further modes of experimental evaluation to qualify for use in treatment and prophylaxis of SARS-CoV-2 infections.

自 2020 年以来，SARS-CoV-2 病毒已在全球范围内传播并引发全面大流行。迄今为止，几种有前景的合成疗法已被重新利用，并且经过不同阶段临床试验的疫苗已获得批准并投入使用，但药物的功效和效果仍然不佳。疫苗尚未被破译。本文强调了传统药用植物及其衍生植物分子的重要性，它们具有体外抗病毒和抗 CoV 特性，并进一步探讨了它们作为 SARS-CoV-2 分子靶点抑制剂的潜力，并通过计算机方法进行了评估。通过计算机模拟和体外研究，研究了传统药物系统中植物药的抗 SARS-CoV-2 活性。然而，将植物分子结构与其抗病毒活性联系起来的信息是有限的。^{研究了大多数具有抗 CoV 活性的植物分子对病毒进入宿主细胞的人类 ACE2 受体以及非结构蛋白 3CL pro}和 PL ^pro的抑制作用。尽管蛋白酶是理想的抗冠状病毒靶点，但有关冠状病毒结构蛋白（例如刺突、包膜、膜、核衣壳）的植物抑制剂的信息需要进一步研究。由于缺乏通过体外和生物相容性研究进行的科学评估，植物性抗病毒药物不足以作为治疗选择。基于植物的抗 SARS-CoV-2 疗法可能成为合成疗法的有前途的替代品，因为它们经济且产生毒性、副作用和病毒耐药性的可能性较小。我们的综述可以提供对潜在植物分子的系统概述，这些植物分子可以重新利用并接受进一步的实验评估模式，以获得用于治疗和预防 SARS-CoV-2 感染的资格。