Purpose

This study aims to analyze the individual and joint effects of institutional support by government and nongovernment institutions on early internationalizing firms’ (EIFs) performance. It also investigated the moderating impact of firm age and size on the institutional support-firms’ export performance relationships.

Design/methodology/approach

Data were collected from 705 EIFs in the apparel industry of Bangladesh and analyzed with hierarchical regression.

Findings

The positive influence of institutional support on exporting firms’ financial performance is stronger for the joint effect of government and nongovernment assistance than the individual impact. Firms’ size positively moderates the impact of individual government and nongovernment assistance, while age positively moderates their resource-bundling effect.

Research limitations/implications

The findings suggest the necessity of integrating resources from diverse but complementary sources of institutional support for superior export performance. The findings also show the presence of the liability of smallness and liability of newness in the standalone and joint influence of institutional support, respectively.

Practical implications

Firms need to bundle resources obtained from the government (unrequited) and nongovernment (reciprocal) institutional support to overcome the liability of smallness they might encounter while availing of support from only one source.

Originality/value

Distinguishing between government and nongovernment institutional support, this paper sheds light on exporting firms’ resource-bundling mechanism for these two sources of support in the backdrop of an emerging economy. It also offers fresh insights into the critical role of the liabilities of newness and smallness in early internationalization, especially with regard to the home-country institutional environment.

中文翻译：

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政府和非政府机构支持对早期国际化公司绩效的独立和资源捆绑效应

目的

本研究旨在分析政府和非政府机构的制度支持对早期国际化公司 (EIF) 绩效的单独和联合影响。它还调查了企业年龄和规模对机构支持企业出口绩效关系的调节影响。

设计/方法/方法

从孟加拉国服装行业的 705 个 EIF 中收集数据，并进行分层回归分析。

发现

对于政府和非政府援助的联合效应，制度支持对出口企业财务绩效的正向影响要强于单独的影响。企业规模正向调节个别政府和非政府援助的影响，而年龄正向调节其资源捆绑效应。

研究限制/影响

调查结果表明，有必要整合来自不同但互补的机构支持来源的资源，以实现卓越的出口业绩。研究结果还表明，在机构支持的单独和联合影响中，分别存在小的责任和新的责任。

实际影响

公司需要捆绑从政府（单方面）和非政府（互惠）机构支持中获得的资源，以克服他们在仅从一个来源获得支持时可能遇到的小问题。

原创性/价值

本文区分了政府和非政府机构支持，阐明了新兴经济体背景下出口企业对这两种支持来源的资源捆绑机制。它还为早期国际化中新奇和小规模的责任的关键作用提供了新的见解，特别是在母国的制度环境方面。