Hydropower energy generation depends on the available water resources. Therefore, planning and operation of the water resource systems are paramount tasks for energy management. Since reservoirs are one of the important components of water resources systems, extracting optimal operating policies for proper management of energy generated from these systems is an imperative step. Optimizing reservoir system operation (ORSO) is a non-linear, large-scale, and non-convex problem with a large number of constraints and decision variables. To solve ORSO problem effectively, a robust diversity-based, sine-cosine algorithm (RDB-SCA) is developed in the present study by introducing several strategies to balance the global exploration and local exploitation ability and to achieve accurate and reliable solutions. An efficient linear operation rule is coupled with the RDB-SCA to maximize the energy generation. The proposed method is then applied to a real-world, multi-reservoir system to extract optimal operational policies and, consequently, maximize the energy production. It is shown that the RDB-SCA is able to generate 24, 14, and 6% more energy than the original SCA, respectively for 2-, 3-, and 4-reservoir systems. The present findings are useful to suggest guidelines for efficient operation of hydropower multi-reservoir systems. This paper is supported by https://imanahmadianfar.com/codes.

水力发电依赖于可用的水资源。因此，水资源系统的规划和运行是能源管理的首要任务。由于水库是水资源系统的重要组成部分之一，因此提取最佳运行策略以正确管理这些系统产生的能源是必不可少的步骤。优化油藏系统运行（ORSO）是一个非线性、大规模、非凸的问题，具有大量的约束和决策变量。为了有效地解决 ORSO 问题，本研究通过引入多种策略来平衡全局探索和局部开发能力并获得准确可靠的解决方案，开发了一种鲁棒的基于多样性的正弦-余弦算法（RDB-SCA）。有效的线性运算规则与 RDB-SCA 相结合，以最大限度地产生能量。然后将所提出的方法应用于现实世界的多水库系统，以提取最佳运行策略，从而最大限度地提高能源产量。结果表明，对于 2-、3-和 4-水库系统，RDB-SCA 能够产生比原始 SCA 多 24、14 和 6% 的能量。目前的研究结果有助于为水电多水库系统的有效运行提出指导方针。本文由 https://imanahmadianfar.com/codes 支持。结果表明，对于 2-、3-和 4-水库系统，RDB-SCA 能够产生比原始 SCA 多 24、14 和 6% 的能量。目前的研究结果有助于为水电多水库系统的有效运行提出指导方针。本文由 https://imanahmadianfar.com/codes 支持。结果表明，对于 2-、3-和 4-水库系统，RDB-SCA 能够产生比原始 SCA 多 24、14 和 6% 的能量。目前的研究结果有助于为水电多水库系统的有效运行提出指导方针。本文由 https://imanahmadianfar.com/codes 支持。