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Prefrontal-hippocampal interactions supporting the extinction of emotional memories: the retrieval stopping model
Neuropsychopharmacology ( IF 7.6 ) Pub Date : 2021-08-26 , DOI: 10.1038/s41386-021-01131-1
Michael C Anderson 1, 2 , Stan B Floresco 3
Affiliation  

Neuroimaging has revealed robust interactions between the prefrontal cortex and the hippocampus when people stop memory retrieval. Efforts to stop retrieval can arise when people encounter reminders to unpleasant thoughts they prefer not to think about. Retrieval stopping suppresses hippocampal and amygdala activity, especially when cues elicit aversive memory intrusions, via a broad inhibitory control capacity enabling prepotent response suppression. Repeated retrieval stopping reduces intrusions of unpleasant memories and diminishes their affective tone, outcomes resembling those achieved by the extinction of conditioned emotional responses. Despite this resemblance, the role of inhibitory fronto-hippocampal interactions and retrieval stopping broadly in extinction has received little attention. Here we integrate human and animal research on extinction and retrieval stopping. We argue that reconceptualising extinction to integrate mnemonic inhibitory control with learning would yield a greater understanding of extinction’s relevance to mental health. We hypothesize that fear extinction spontaneously engages retrieval stopping across species, and that controlled suppression of hippocampal and amygdala activity by the prefrontal cortex reduces fearful thoughts. Moreover, we argue that retrieval stopping recruits extinction circuitry to achieve affect regulation, linking extinction to how humans cope with intrusive thoughts. We discuss novel hypotheses derived from this theoretical synthesis.



中文翻译:

支持情绪记忆消失的前额叶-海马相互作用:检索停止模型

神经影像学揭示了当人们停止记忆检索时,前额叶皮层和海马体之间存在强大的相互作用。当人们遇到他们不想去想的不愉快想法的提醒时,就会努力停止检索。检索停止抑制海马和杏仁核的活动,特别是当线索引发厌恶记忆入侵时,通过广泛的抑制控制能力实现强效反应抑制。反复停止检索减少了不愉快记忆的侵入并降低了它们的情感基调,结果类似于通过消除条件性情绪反应而获得的结果。尽管有这种相似之处,抑制性额海马相互作用和恢复在灭绝中广泛停止的作用很少受到关注。在这里,我们整合了人类和动物关于灭绝和检索停止的研究。我们认为,重新概念化灭绝以将记忆抑制控制与学习相结合,将有助于更好地理解灭绝与心理健康的相关性。我们假设恐惧消退自发地参与跨物种的检索停止,并且前额叶皮层对海马和杏仁核活动的控制抑制减少了恐惧的想法。此外,我们认为,检索停止招募消退电路来实现情感调节,将消退与人类如何应对侵入性想法联系起来。我们讨论了从这一理论综合得出的新假设。我们认为,重新概念化灭绝以将记忆抑制控制与学习相结合,将有助于更好地理解灭绝与心理健康的相关性。我们假设恐惧消退自发地参与跨物种的检索停止,并且前额叶皮层对海马和杏仁核活动的控制抑制减少了恐惧的想法。此外,我们认为,检索停止招募消退电路来实现情感调节,将消退与人类如何应对侵入性想法联系起来。我们讨论了从这一理论综合得出的新假设。我们认为,重新概念化灭绝以将记忆抑制控制与学习相结合,将有助于更好地理解灭绝与心理健康的相关性。我们假设恐惧消退自发地参与跨物种的检索停止,并且前额叶皮层对海马和杏仁核活动的控制抑制减少了恐惧的想法。此外,我们认为,检索停止招募消退电路来实现情感调节,将消退与人类如何应对侵入性想法联系起来。我们讨论了从这一理论综合得出的新假设。前额叶皮层对海马和杏仁核活动的控制性抑制减少了恐惧的想法。此外,我们认为,检索停止招募消退电路来实现情感调节,将消退与人类如何应对侵入性想法联系起来。我们讨论了从这一理论综合得出的新假设。前额叶皮层对海马和杏仁核活动的控制性抑制减少了恐惧的想法。此外,我们认为,检索停止招募消退电路来实现情感调节,将消退与人类如何应对侵入性想法联系起来。我们讨论了从这一理论综合得出的新假设。

更新日期:2021-08-27
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