Humoral rejection plays a crucial role in the chronic deterioration of kidney allografts, but there is no effective therapeutic strategy to prevent or treat it. T follicular helper (Tfh) cells provide help to B cells, subsequently contributing to humoral rejection. Investigation of Tfh cells may be a useful strategy for assessing the risk and level of humoral rejection. However, it is difficult to investigate Tfh cells from patient-derived lymphoid tissue. Recent studies have shown that circulating Tfh (cTfh) cells, working in parallel to Tfh cells, have the capacity to promote antibody-secreting B cell differentiation and antibody secretion. Here, we review recent studies of cTfh cells in kidney transplantation and discuss the characteristics and functions of cTfh cells in kidney transplant recipients.

体液排斥在移植肾的慢性恶化中起着至关重要的作用，但没有有效的治疗策略来预防或治疗它。T 滤泡辅助 (Tfh) 细胞为 B 细胞提供帮助，随后导致体液排斥。Tfh 细胞的研究可能是评估体液排斥风险和水平的有用策略。然而，很难从患者来源的淋巴组织中研究 Tfh 细胞。最近的研究表明，与 Tfh 细胞平行工作的循环 Tfh (cTfh) 细胞具有促进抗体分泌 B 细胞分化和抗体分泌的能力。在这里，我们回顾了最近关于 cTfh 细胞在肾移植中的研究，并讨论了 cTfh 细胞在肾移植受者中的特征和功能。