With the high penetration of renewable-type resources, the distributed energy storage unit (ESU) will be a key component against the stochastic and intermittent characteristics of the renewable energy resource in the DC microgrid. The vanadium redox battery (VRB) is a promising ESU for the islanded microgrid applications. Therefore, this paper presents a consensus-based distributed cooperative control to alleviate voltage fluctuations, realize economic dispatch, and maintain the state of charge (SOC) balance simultaneously in the DC islanded microgrid with VRBs. Specifically, the proposed solution includes a consensus term that achieves convergence to a common incremental cost value and an additional term which used to eliminate power imbalance and ensure that the total generation is equal to the total consumption. Furthermore, the proposed method is subject to the sum injected/output power real-time equilibrium and the constraints of the SOC for simulating a more practical situation. Finally, the charging process and discharging process numerical simulations are employed in this paper to test the effectiveness of the presented algorithm in an islanded DC microgrid composed of six DERs.

随着可再生能源的高渗透率，分布式储能单元（ESU）将成为解决直流微电网中可再生能源随机性和间歇性特征的关键组成部分。钒氧化还原电池 (VRB) 是一种用于孤岛微电网应用的有前途的 ESU。因此，本文提出了一种基于共识的分布式协同控制，以在具有 VRB 的直流孤岛微电网中同时缓解电压波动、实现经济调度并保持荷电状态 (SOC) 平衡。具体来说，所提出的解决方案包括一个共识项，它实现收敛到一个共同的增量成本值，以及一个附加项，用于消除功率不平衡并确保总发电量等于总消耗量。此外，所提出的方法受总注入/输出功率实时平衡和SOC的约束，以模拟更实际的情况。最后，本文采用充电过程和放电过程数值模拟来测试所提出算法在由六个分布式能源组成的孤岛直流微电网中的有效性。