The Russian Federation is implementing a program for dismantling nuclear-powered submarines and nuclear service vessels decommissioned from the Navy. Program personnel may be exposed to mutagenic and carcinogenic factors, including ionizing radiation. Improved preclinical health diagnostics are desirable, for timely identification of health effects, optimization of preventive measures, and medical interventions. We used an improved version of the buccal micronucleus cytome assay (BMCyt) to conduct cytogenetic status assessment of 59 employees of the Far Eastern Center for Radioactive Waste Management (DalRAO). We observed a statistically significant increase in the frequency of buccal epithelial cells with cytogenetic abnormalities (2.31‰ versus 1.15‰) and a small decrease in the apoptotic index (42 % versus 44 %) in the exposure group vs. controls. An accumulation index of cytogenetic disorders (the ratio of cells with nuclear abnormalities to cells in apoptosis) was determined and significant differences were found between the exposure and control groups. The proposed approach is simple, non-invasive, and highly informative for monitoring the health status of personnel exposed to complex factors in the working environment.

俄罗斯联邦正在实施一项拆除从海军退役的核动力潜艇和核服务舰艇的计划。计划人员可能会接触到致突变和致癌因素，包括电离辐射。需要改进临床前健康诊断，以便及时识别健康影响、优化预防措施和医疗干预。我们使用改进版的颊微核细胞组分析 (BMCyt) 对远东放射性废物管理中心 (DalRAO) 的 59 名员工进行细胞遗传学状态评估。我们观察到暴露组中具有细胞遗传学异常的颊上皮细胞的频率在统计学上显着增加（2.31‰ vs 1.15‰）和凋亡指数小幅下降（42 % vs 44 %）与控制。确定了细胞遗传病的累积指数（核异常细胞与凋亡细胞的比率），并发现暴露组和对照组之间存在显着差异。所提出的方法简单、无创且信息量大，可用于监测工作环境中暴露于复杂因素的人员的健康状况。