Iatrogenic causes of male infertility can include medications, chemotherapy, radiation, and surgery. In this review, we discuss commonly performed urologic cancer surgeries and nonurologic surgeries that harbor a high risk of iatrogenic infertility. These include radical prostatectomy, radical cystectomy, retroperitoneal lymph node dissection, pelvic colon surgery, and anterior spine surgery. In addition, we review the anatomy and surgical strategies that help to reduce the risks of infertility. With an increase in life expectancy and improvements in fertility preservation, it is important to properly counsel patients about the risks of infertility and provide options for fertility preservation before surgery.

男性不育症的医源性原因可能包括药物、化学疗法、放射线和手术。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了常见的泌尿外科癌症手术和具有高风险医源性不孕症的非泌尿外科手术。这些包括根治性前列腺切除术、根治性膀胱切除术、腹膜后淋巴结清扫术、盆腔结肠手术和前脊柱手术。此外，我们回顾了有助于降低不孕症风险的解剖学和手术策略。随着预期寿命的增加和生育力保存的改善，重要的是要正确地告知患者不孕症的风险，并在手术前提供生育力保存的选择。