Study Objectives Sleep inertia is a frequent and disabling symptom in idiopathic hypersomnia (IH), but poorly defined and without objective measures. The study objective was to determine whether the psychomotor vigilance task (PVT) can reliably measure sleep inertia in patients with IH or other sleep disorders (non-IH). Methods A total of 62 (51 women, mean age: 27.7 ± 9.2) patients with IH and 140 (71 women, age: 33.3 ± 12.1) with non-IH (narcolepsy = 29, non-specified hypersomnolence [NSH] = 47, obstructive sleep apnea = 39, insomnia = 25) were included. Sleep inertia and sleep drunkenness in the last month (M-sleep inertia) and on PVT day (D-sleep inertia) were assessed with three items of the Idiopathic Hypersomnia Severity Scale (IHSS), in drug-free conditions. The PVT was performed four times (07:00 pm, 07:00 am, 07:30 am, and 11:00 am) and three metrics were used: lapses, mean 1/reaction time (RT), and slowest 10% 1/RT. Results Sleep inertia was more frequent in patients with IH than non-IH (56.5% and 43.6% with severe sleep inertia in the past month, including 24% and 12% with sleep drunkenness). Lapse number increase and slowest 10% 1/RT decrease, particularly at 07:00 am and 07:30 am, were proportional with M-sleep inertia severity, but regardless of sleep drunkenness and sleep disorders. Similar results were obtained when PVT results were compared in patients with/without D-sleep inertia, with the largest increase of the lapse number at 07:00 am and 07:30 am associated with severe sleep inertia and sleep drunkenness. Conclusions PVT is a reliable and objective measure of sleep inertia that might be useful for its characterization, management, and follow-up in patients with IH.

中文翻译：

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在特发性嗜睡症中使用精神运动警觉任务测量睡眠惯性

研究目标 睡眠惯性是特发性嗜睡症 (IH) 中常见且致残的症状，但定义不明确且没有客观测量。研究目的是确定精神运动警觉任务 (PVT) 是否能够可靠地测量 IH 或其他睡眠障碍（非 IH）患者的睡眠惯性。方法 共有 62 名（51 名女性，平均年龄：27.7 ± 9.2）名 IH 患者和 140 名（71 名女性，年龄：33.3 ± 12.1）名非 IH（发作性睡病 = 29，非特指嗜睡症 [NSH] = 47，阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停 = 39，失眠 = 25）被包括在内。在无药物条件下，使用特发性嗜睡严重程度量表 (IHSS) 的三个项目评估上个月的睡眠惯性和睡眠醉酒（M-睡眠惯性）和 PVT 日（D-睡眠惯性）。PVT 进行了四次（07:00 pm、07:00 am、07:30 am 和 11：00 am）和三个指标：失误、平均 1/反应时间 (RT) 和最慢的 10% 1/RT。结果 IH 患者比非 IH 患者更频繁出现睡眠障碍（过去一个月有严重睡眠障碍者分别为 56.5% 和 43.6%，其中睡眠醉酒者分别为 24% 和 12%）。失效数增加和最慢的 10% 1/RT 下降，特别是在上午 07:00 和 07:30，与 M-睡眠惯性严重程度成正比，但与睡眠醉酒和睡眠障碍无关。在有/无 D 睡眠惯性的患者中比较 PVT 结果时获得了类似的结果，在上午 07:00 和上午 07:30 的失效次数增加最大与严重的睡眠惯性和睡眠醉酒有关。结论 PVT 是一种可靠且客观的睡眠惯性测量方法，可能对其表征、管理、