Deep-seeding is an important way to improve maize drought resistance, mesocotyl elongation can significantly enhance its seedling germination. To improve our understanding of transcription-mediated maize mesocotyl elongation under deep-seeding stress. RNA-sequencing was used to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in both deep-seeding tolerant W64A and intolerant K12 mesocotyls following culture for 10 days after 2.0 mg·L⁻¹ 24-epibrassinolide (EBR) induced stress at the depths of 3 and 20 cm. Phenotypically, the mesocotyl length of both maize significantly increased under 20 cm stress and in the presence of EBR. Microstructure observations revealed that the mesocotyls underwent programmed cell death under deep-seeding stress, which was alleviated by EBR. This was found to be regulated by multiple DEGs encoding cysteine protease/senescence-specific cysteine protease, aspartic protease family protein, phospholipase D, etc. and transcription factors (TFs; MYB, NAC). Additionally, some DEGs associated with cell wall components, i.e., cellulose synthase/cellulose synthase like protein (CESA/CSL), fasciclin-like arabinogalactan (APG), leucine-rich repeat protein (LRR) and lignin biosynthesis enzymes including phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, S-adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent methyltransferases, 4-coumarate-CoA ligase, cinnamoyl CoA reductase, cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase, catalase, peroxiredoxin/peroxidase were found to control cell wall sclerosis. Moreover, in auxin, ethylene, brassinosteriod, cytokinin, zeatin, abscisic acid, gibberellin, jasmonic acid, and salicylic acid signaling transduction pathways, the corresponding DEGs were activated/inhibited by TFs (ARF, BZR1/2, B-ARR, A-ARR, MYC2, ABF, TGA) and synthesis of phytohormones-related metabolites. These findings provide information on the molecular mechanisms controlling maize deep-seeding tolerance and will aid in the breeding of deep-seeding maize varieties.

深播是提高玉米抗旱性的重要途径，中胚轴伸长可显着增强其幼苗发芽率。提高我们对深播胁迫下转录介导的玉米中胚轴伸长的理解。^{在 2.0 mg·L -1}培养 10 天后，RNA 测序用于鉴定深播耐受的 W64A 和不耐受的 K12 中胚轴中的差异表达基因 (DEG)24-表油菜素 (EBR) 在 3 厘米和 20 厘米深度处引起应力。在表型上，两种玉米的中胚轴长度在 20 cm 胁迫和 EBR 存在下显着增加。微观结构观察表明，中胚轴在深播压力下经历了程序性细胞死亡，而 EBR 缓解了这种情况。发现这受编码半胱氨酸蛋白酶/衰老特异性半胱氨酸蛋白酶、天冬氨酸蛋白酶家族蛋白、磷脂酶D等的多个DEG和转录因子（TF；MYB、NAC）的调节。此外，一些与细胞壁成分相关的DEGs，即纤维素合酶/纤维素合酶样蛋白（CESA/CSL）、类似成束蛋白的阿拉伯半乳聚糖（APG）、富含亮氨酸的重复蛋白（LRR）和木质素生物合成发现包括苯丙氨酸解氨酶、S-腺苷-L-甲硫氨酸依赖性甲基转移酶、4-香豆酸-CoA连接酶、肉桂酰CoA还原酶、肉桂醇脱氢酶、过氧化氢酶、过氧化还原蛋白/过氧化物酶在内的酶可以控制细胞壁硬化。此外，在生长素、乙烯、油菜素内酯、细胞分裂素、玉米素、脱落酸、赤霉素、茉莉酸和水杨酸信号转导通路中，相应的 DEG 被 TF (ARF、BZR1/2、B-ARR、A- ARR、MYC2、ABF、TGA）和植物激素相关代谢物的合成。这些发现提供了有关控制玉米深播耐受性的分子机制的信息，并将有助于选育深播玉米品种。