Pre-existing conditions at reproductive age, and complications arising during pregnancy can be detrimental to maternal and fetal health. Current therapies to combat obstetric disorders are limited due to the inherent complexity of pregnancy, and can have harmful effects on developing fetus. Emerging research shows intricate signaling between the cells from mother and fetus at maternal-fetal interface, providing unique opportunities for interventions specifically targeted to the mother, fetus, or placenta. Advancements in nanotechnology, stem-cell biology and gene therapy have resulted in target-specific treatments with promising results in pre-clinical maternal and fetal disorder models. Comprehensive understanding of the effect of physicochemical properties of delivery systems on their uptake, retention and accumulation across placenta will help in the better diagnosis and treatment of perinatal disorders. This review describes the factors leading to obstetric complications along with their effect on pregnancy outcomes, and discusses key targeted therapeutic strategies for addressing conditions related to maternal and fetal health.

育龄期的原有疾病以及怀孕期间出现的并发症可能对母体和胎儿的健康有害。由于妊娠固有的复杂性，目前对抗产科疾病的疗法受到限制，并且可能对发育中的胎儿产生有害影响。新兴研究表明，母胎界面上来自母亲和胎儿的细胞之间存在复杂的信号传导，为专门针对母亲、胎儿或胎盘的干预措施提供了独特的机会。纳米技术、干细胞生物学和基因疗法的进步导致了靶向特异性治疗，在临床前母体和胎儿疾病模型中取得了可喜的成果。全面了解递送系统的物理化学性质对其吸收的影响，跨胎盘的滞留和积累将有助于更好地诊断和治疗围产期疾病。本综述描述了导致产科并发症的因素及其对妊娠结局的影响，并讨论了解决母婴健康相关疾病的关键靶向治疗策略。