Several studies have conceptualized neuropsychological dysfunction as part of the core pathology and defining behaviors seen in the eating disorder anorexia nervosa (AN). The aim of the current review was to synthesize the differences in neuropsychological test performance between individuals with AN and healthy controls, quantify and explain their heterogeneity. The search and screening procedures resulted in fifty studies that comprised 186 neuropsychological test results. Utilizing random-effects meta-analyses, the results revealed evidence for significant, moderate underperformance in people with AN in overall neuropsychological functioning ($\overline{g}$ = -0.43, 95 % CI [-0.50, -0.36]). Weighted mean effect sizes ranged from $\overline{g}$ = -0.53 for visuospatial abilities to $\overline{g}$ = -0.10 for planning. Study and participant characteristics, including body mass index (BMI) and age, had significant moderator effects, especially on executive function, memory, and visuospatial abilities. The findings from the current study provide an extensive and comprehensive overview of the possible impairments in neuropsychological functioning in adult patients diagnosed with AN.

几项研究将神经心理功能障碍概念化为核心病理学的一部分，并定义了神经性厌食症 (AN) 进食障碍中所见的行为。本综述的目的是综合 AN 患者和健康对照组之间神经心理学测试表现的差异，量化和解释他们的异质性。搜索和筛选程序产生了 50 项研究，其中包括 186 项神经心理学测试结果。利用随机效应荟萃分析，结果揭示了 AN 患者在整体神经心理功能方面显着、中度表现不佳的证据。$\overline{G}$= -0.43, 95% CI [-0.50, -0.36])。加权平均效应大小范围为$\overline{G}$ = -0.53 视觉空间能力 $\overline{G}$= -0.10 用于规划。研究和参与者的特征，包括体重指数 (BMI) 和年龄，具有显着的调节作用，尤其是对执行功能、记忆力和视觉空间能力。当前研究的结果提供了对诊断为 AN 的成年患者神经心理功能可能受损的广泛而全面的概述。