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Germination ecology of Trachycarpus fortunei (Arecaceae), a species with morphophysiological and shoot dormancy
Botany ( IF 1.1 ) Pub Date : 2021-05-10 , DOI: 10.1139/cjb-2021-0039
Ganesh K. Jaganathan 1, 1 , Narangua Bayarkhuu 1, 1 , LanLan He 1, 1 , Baolin Liu 1, 1 , Jiajin Li 1, 1 , Yingying Han 1, 1
Affiliation  

Botany, Ahead of Print.
Beyond strong inference that most of the 2600 known species of Arecaceae produce diaspores with an underdeveloped embryo and therefore have morphological dormancy (MD) or morphophysiological dormancy (MPD), little is known about the specific dormancy class or sub-class and how dormancy-break occurs under ecological conditions. Here, we found that mature seeds of Trachycarpus fortunei (Hook.) H.Wendl. collected at the time of natural dispersal had an underdeveloped embryo that was 10% of total seed length. No diaspores germinated over a wide range of temperatures in either light or darkness. Cold stratification at 4 °C for one, two, and three months or treatment with 100, 500, and 1000 ppm gibberellic acid (GA3) improved germination percentages, with three months cold stratification or 1000 ppm GA3 resulting in highest germination. The embryo grew inside the seeds during cold stratification; however, warm stratification did not improve germination. Therefore, seeds of T. fortunei have intermediate complex MPD. Cold-stratified seeds that were moved to spring conditions (night and day temperatures of 15 and 20 °C, respectively) had cotyledonary petiole (CP) elongated, but leaves developed only when the CP elongated seeds were moved to summer temperatures (night and day temperatures of 25 and 30 °C, respectively), suggesting the presence of shoot dormancy. The seedlings are remote-tubular type. This is the first report for Arecaceae indicating the presence of complex MPD.


中文翻译:

具有形态生理和芽休眠的物种 Trachycarpus Fortunei (Arecaceae) 的萌发生态学

植物学,超前印刷。
除了强有力的推论外,2600 种已知的槟榔科物种中的大多数产生具有发育不全的硬水铝石,因此具有形态休眠 (MD) 或形态生理休眠 (MPD),对于特定的休眠类别或亚类以及休眠打破的方式知之甚少发生在生态条件下。在这里,我们发现 Trachycarpus Fortunei (Hook.) H.Wendl. 的成熟种子。在自然传播时收集的胚胎发育不全,占种子总长度的 10%。无论是在明亮还是黑暗中,水硬铝石在很宽的温度范围内都不会发芽。在 4 °C 下冷分层 1、2 和 3 个月或用 100、500 和 1000 ppm 赤霉酸 (GA3) 处理提高发芽率,三个月冷分层或 1000 ppm GA3 导致最高发芽率。在冷分层过程中,胚胎在种子内部生长;然而,温暖的分层并没有改善发芽。因此,T. Fortunei 的种子具有中间复合体 MPD。移至春季条件(昼夜温度分别为 15 和 20 °C)的冷分层种子的子叶叶柄 (CP) 伸长,但仅当 CP 伸长的种子移至夏季温度(昼夜)时,叶子才会发育温度分别为 25 和 30 °C),表明存在芽休眠。幼苗为远程管状类型。这是槟榔科的第一份报告,表明存在复杂的 MPD。移至春季条件(昼夜温度分别为 15 和 20 °C)的冷分层种子的子叶叶柄 (CP) 伸长,但仅当 CP 伸长的种子移至夏季温度(昼夜)时,叶子才会发育温度分别为 25 和 30 °C),表明存在芽休眠。幼苗为远程管状类型。这是槟榔科的第一份报告,表明存在复杂的 MPD。移至春季条件(昼夜温度分别为 15 和 20 °C)的冷分层种子的子叶叶柄 (CP) 伸长,但仅当 CP 伸长的种子移至夏季温度(昼夜)时,叶子才会发育温度分别为 25 和 30 °C),表明存在芽休眠。幼苗为远程管状类型。这是槟榔科的第一份报告,表明存在复杂的 MPD。
更新日期:2021-05-10
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