The intestinal mucosal immune barrier protects the host from the invasion of foreign pathogenic microorganisms. Immune cells and cytokines in the intestinal mucosa maintain local and systemic homeostasis by participating in natural and adaptive immunity. Deficiency of the intestinal mucosal immune barrier is associated with a variety of intestinal illnesses. Exosomes are phospholipid bilayer nanovesicles that allow cell-cell communication by secreting physiologically active substances including proteins, lipids, transcription factors, mRNAs, micro-RNAs (miRNAs), and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs). Exosomal lncRNAs are involved in immune cell differentiation and the modulation of the immune response. This review briefly introduces the potential role of exosomal lncRNAs in the intestinal mucosal immune barrier and discusses their relevance to intestinal illnesses.

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外泌体 lncRNA 在肠道黏膜免疫屏障中的潜在作用

肠黏膜免疫屏障保护宿主免受外来病原微生物的侵袭。肠黏膜中的免疫细胞和细胞因子通过参与自然和适应性免疫来维持局部和全身的稳态。肠黏膜免疫屏障的缺乏与多种肠道疾病有关。外泌体是磷脂双层纳米囊泡，通过分泌生理活性物质（包括蛋白质、脂质、转录因子、mRNA、微小 RNA (miRNA) 和长链非编码 RNA (lncRNA)）来实现细胞间通讯。外泌体 lncRNA 参与免疫细胞分化和免疫反应的调节。