Flood events in West Africa have devastating impacts on the lives of people. Additionally, developments such as climate change, settlement expansion into flood-prone areas, and modification of rivers are expected to increase flood risk in the future. Policy documents have issued calls for conducting local risk assessments and understanding disaster risk in diverse aspects, leading to an increase in such research. Similarly, in a shift from flood protection to flood risk management, the consideration of various dimensions of flood risk, the necessity of addressing flood risk through an integrated strategy containing structural and non-structural measures, and the presence of residual risk are critical perspectives raised. However, the notion of “residual risk” remains yet to be taken up in flood risk management-related academic literature. This systematic review seeks to approach the notion of residual risk by reviewing information on flood impacts, common measures, and recommendations in academic literature. The review reveals various dimensions of impacts from residual flood risk aside from material damage, in particular, health impacts and economic losses. Infrastructural measures were a dominant category of measures before and after flood events and in recommendations, despite their shortcomings. Also, spatial planning interventions, a more participatory and inclusive governance approach, including local knowledge, sensitisation, and early warning systems, were deemed critical. In the absence of widespread access to insurance schemes, support from social networks after flood events emerged as the most frequent measure. This finding calls for in-depth assessments of those networks and research on potential complementary formal risk transfer mechanisms.

西非的洪水事件对人们的生活造成了毁灭性的影响。此外，气候变化、定居点向洪水易发地区扩张以及河流改造等发展预计将增加未来的洪水风险。政策文件已发出要求进行地方风险评估并从各个方面了解灾害风险的呼吁，导致此类研究的增加。同样，在从防洪到洪水风险管理的转变中，考虑洪水风险的各个方面、通过包含结构性和非结构性措施的综合战略来应对洪水风险的必要性以及剩余风险的存在都是提出的关键观点. 然而，“残余风险”的概念仍有待洪水风险管理相关的学术文献中提及。本系统评价旨在通过审查学术文献中关于洪水影响、常用措施和建议的信息来探讨剩余风险的概念。审查揭示了除物质损失外，剩余洪水风险的各个方面的影响，特别是健康影响和经济损失。基础设施措施是洪水事件前后和建议中的主要措施类别，尽管它们存在缺陷。此外，空间规划干预，一种更具参与性和包容性的治理方法，包括地方知识、宣传和早期预警系统，被认为至关重要。在没有广泛使用保险计划的情况下，洪水事件后社交网络的支持成为最常见的措施。