Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infections are associated with severe bronchiolitis or pneumonia. Although palivizumab is used to prevent RSV infections, the occurrence of palivizumab-resistant RSV strains is increasing, and these strains pose a threat to public health. Herein, we report an antibody with affinity to the S275F RSV antigen, enabling the specific detection of palivizumab-resistant RSV strains. Experimental and simulation results confirmed the affinity of the antibody to the S275F RSV antigen. Furthermore, we developed a rapid S275F RSV antigen detection method using a split superfolder green fluorescent protein (ssGFP) that can interact with the antibody. In the presence of the mutant virus antigen, ssGFP emitted fluorescence within 1 min, allowing the rapid identification of S275F RSV. We anticipate that the developed antibody would be useful for the precise diagnosis of antiviral drug-resistant RSV strains and help treat patients with RSV infections.

呼吸道合胞病毒 (RSV) 感染与严重的细支气管炎或肺炎有关。虽然帕利珠单抗用于预防 RSV 感染，但耐帕利珠单抗的 RSV 毒株的发生率正在增加，这些毒株对公众健康构成威胁。在此，我们报告了一种对 S275F RSV 抗原具有亲和力的抗体，能够特异性检测耐帕利珠单抗的 RSV 毒株。实验和模拟结果证实了抗体对 S275F RSV 抗原的亲和力。此外，我们开发了一种快速 S275F RSV 抗原检测方法，该方法使用可与抗体相互作用的分裂超折叠绿色荧光蛋白 (ssGFP)。在突变病毒抗原存在的情况下，ssGFP 在 1 分钟内发出荧光，从而可以快速识别 S275F RSV。