Abstract—Variations in the vertical electric field and atmospheric current in the near-surface atmosphere, accompanying strong earthquakes, are analyzed. The analysis is based on the data of the Center for Geophysical Monitoring in Moscow (CGM) and Geophysical observatory “Mikhnevo” of the Sadovsky Institute of Geosphere Dynamics of Russian Academy of Sciences (IDG RAS). We considered seismic events that occurred when the electric field and atmospheric current were not disturbed by anthropogenic sources and natural impacts unrelated to earthquakes. It is noted that the earthquakes are accompanied by the increased local variations in the electric field in the period of arrival of seismic waves at the observation point and variations associated with the source region of the seismic event. In the latter case, the effect appears as a bay-like decrease and increase and as alternating variations in the vertical gradient of the electric potential. Simultaneously, the earthquakes are accompanied by the increased variations in the atmospheric current. For the first time it is shown that the main shock is accompanied by the increased variations in the electrical characteristics of the near-surface atmosphere at significant distances from the seismic source.

摘要——分析了伴随强地震的近地表大气垂直电场和大气电流的变化。该分析基于莫斯科地球物理监测中心 (CGM) 和俄罗斯科学院萨多夫斯基地圈动力学研究所 (IDG RAS) 地球物理观测站“Mikhnevo”的数据。我们考虑了当电场和大气电流不受人为源和与地震无关的自然影响干扰时发生的地震事件。值得注意的是，地震伴随着地震波到达观测点的周期内电场局部变化的增加以及与地震事件源区相关的变化。在后一种情况下，这种效应表现为海湾状的减少和增加，以及电位垂直梯度的交替变化。同时，地震伴随着大气电流变化的增加。首次表明，主震伴随着距震源很远的近地表大气电特性变化的增加。