Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) might be an effective tool to improve glycemic control in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Few data are available about its utilization as a diagnostic tool to find potential alterations of glycemia in subjects with normal oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). In this preliminary prospective real-life observational study, we aimed to analyze the glycemic pattern in normal and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) women by continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) in order to detect potential differences between the two groups and glycemic alterations despite a normal OGTT. After the screening for GDM, subjects were connected to a CGM system for seven consecutive days. The areas under the curve of the first 60 minutes after each meal and 60 minutes before breakfast were analyzed. Women with normal OGTT that during CGM showed impaired glycemic values (more than 95 fasting or more than 140 one hour after meals or more than 120 two hours after meals) performed one week of self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG). After OGTT, 53 women considered normal and 46 affected by GDM were included. CGM parameters did not show any differences between the two groups with impaired glycemic excursions found in both groups. After CGM period, 33 women with normal OGTT showed abnormal glycemic patterns. These 33 women then performed one week of SMBG. After evaluation of one week of SMBG, 21 required diet therapy and 12 required insulin treatment and were followed until the delivery. An increase in gestational weight gain was observed in normal women with normal OGTT but this was not significant. No significant data were found regarding neonatal outcomes in the two groups of women. In conclusion, CGM use in pregnancy might help to detect glycemic fluctuations in women with normal OGTT, improving their treatment and outcomes.

中文翻译：

---

妊娠期 OGTT 正常女性的持续血糖监测

连续血糖监测 (CGM) 可能是改善妊娠期糖尿病 (GDM) 血糖控制的有效工具。关于其作为诊断工具在口服葡萄糖耐量试验（OGTT）正常的受试者中发现潜在的血糖变化的可用数据很少。在这项初步的前瞻性现实生活观察研究中，我们旨在通过连续血糖监测 (CGM) 分析正常和妊娠期糖尿病 (GDM) 女性的血糖模式，以检测两组之间的潜在差异和血糖变化，尽管正常OGTT。在筛查 GDM 后，受试者连续 7 天连接到 CGM 系统。分析每餐后前60分钟和早餐前60分钟的曲线下面积。OGTT 正常且在 CGM 期间血糖值受损（空腹超过 95 次或饭后一小时超过 140 次或饭后两小时超过 120 次）的女性进行了一周的血糖自我监测 (SMBG)。在 OGTT 之后，包括 53 名被认为正常的女性和 46 名受 GDM 影响的女性。CGM 参数未显示两组之间存在任何差异，两组均发现血糖波动受损。在 CGM 期后，33 名 OGTT 正常的女性表现出异常的血糖模式。然后，这 33 名女性进行了一周的 SMBG。在评估了一周的 SMBG 后，21 名需要饮食治疗，12 名需要胰岛素治疗，并随访至分娩。在 OGTT 正常的正常女性中观察到妊娠期体重增加的增加，但这并不显着。没有发现关于两组女性新生儿结局的重要数据。总之，妊娠期使用 CGM 可能有助于检测 OGTT 正常女性的血糖波动，从而改善她们的治疗和结果。