Abstract

Bangladesh has been identified as one of the most susceptible countries to climate induced disasters. Geographical location of the country in the foothill of Himalayan system and in the mouth of north Bay of Bengal make it to experience frequent extreme environmental events such as flood, cyclone, draught, river erosion, sea level rise, salinity etc. The coastal region of Bangladesh is highly vulnerable to climate change and climate induced natural disasters. This study identifies the potential climate induced hazards, their vulnerability, capacity, associated risk and explores the potential strategies to reduce the disaster risk. This study was carried out in Uttar Bedkashi Union, Koyra Upazila under Khulna District in south west coastal region of Bangladesh. The information has been collected through individual level and key informant interview, focus group discussion, life history from local people to explore the context of the disaster risk and how they perceived it from their experiences. The study revealed that flooding as a result of high tide and salinity intrusion were the most prominent hazards followed by riverbank erosion and cyclone associated storm. Vulnerability assessment showed that cyclone associated storm surge was the major cause of vulnerabilities in the study area which followed by flooding and riverbank erosion. On the other hand, capacity assessment showed that community people have less capacity to deal with the multi-hazards risk. This study also revealed that riverbank erosion poses the highest risk in the study area followed by cyclone associated storm surge, flooding, and salinity intrusion. The study suggests some potential DRR strategy such as build disaster resilient house using indigenous and scientific knowledge, build or improve embankments, build or improve the communication roads, improve rain water harvesting system, provision of community-based health care center, create alternative and sustainable livelihood opportunity such as self-sustaining agriculture systems and further development of sustainable shrimp farming. The outcome of this study is expected to be useful for preparing an effective disaster risk mitigation plan by decision-makers. Further in-depth research on potential risk reduction options will be analyzed to measure efficiency and effectiveness.

摘要

孟加拉国已被确定为最易受气候引发灾害影响的国家之一。该国地处喜马拉雅山麓和孟加拉湾北口的地理位置，使其经常发生洪水、气旋、干旱、河流侵蚀、海平面上升、盐度等极端环境事件。孟加拉国极易受到气候变化和气候引发的自然灾害的影响。本研究确定了潜在的气候诱发灾害、其脆弱性、能力、相关风险，并探讨了减少灾害风险的潜在战略。这项研究是在孟加拉国西南沿海地区库尔纳区下的科伊拉乌帕齐拉的 Uttar Bedkashi Union 进行的。信息是通过个人层面和关键知情人访谈收集的，焦点小组讨论，来自当地人的生活史，以探索灾害风险的背景以及他们如何从他们的经历中理解它。研究表明，高潮和盐分入侵导致的洪水是最突出的危害，其次是河岸侵蚀和气旋相关风暴。脆弱性评估表明，与气旋相关的风暴潮是研究区脆弱性的主要原因，其次是洪水和河岸侵蚀。另一方面，能力评估表明，社区居民应对多灾种风险的能力较差。该研究还表明，河岸侵蚀在研究区域构成的风险最高，其次是与气旋相关的风暴潮、洪水和盐分入侵。该研究提出了一些潜在的 DRR 策略，例如利用土著和科学知识建造抗灾房屋、建造或改善堤防、建造或改善交通道路、改善雨水收集系统、提供基于社区的医疗保健中心、创建替代性和可持续的生计机会，例如自给自足的农业系统和可持续养虾业的进一步发展。预计这项研究的结果将有助于决策者制定有效的减灾计划。将分析对潜在风险降低选项的进一步深入研究，以衡量效率和有效性。提供以社区为基础的保健中心，创造替代性和可持续的生计机会，例如自给自足的农业系统和可持续养虾业的进一步发展。预计这项研究的结果将有助于决策者制定有效的减灾计划。将分析对潜在风险降低选项的进一步深入研究，以衡量效率和有效性。提供以社区为基础的保健中心，创造替代性和可持续的生计机会，例如自给自足的农业系统和可持续养虾业的进一步发展。预计这项研究的结果将有助于决策者制定有效的减灾计划。将分析对潜在风险降低选项的进一步深入研究，以衡量效率和有效性。